🇸🇮SLOVENIA
SLOVENIA IS– Regions- 3 PGI.- 3 PDO.- 14 @Ljubljan
- WHITE= Bouvier, Cipro, Klarnica, Malocrn, Pergulin, Planinka, Poljsakica, Pokalca, Ranfol, Ranina, Rebola Gialla AKA=Rebula, Vitovska Grganja, Zeleni
- –International– Beli Pinot AKA=Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay, Gewürztraminer, Laski Rizling AKA=Welschriesling, Kerner, Kovidinka AKA=Dinka, Malvazija AKA=Malvasia, Menuetta AKA=Malvasia di Lunga, Muscat(Yellow), Muskatni Silvane AKA=Sauvignon Blanc, Renski Riesling AKA=Riesling, Rizvanec AKA=Müller Thurgau, Sauvignon Blanc, Sipon AKA=Furmit, Siri Pinot AKA=Pinot Gris
- RED= Modro Frankinja AKA=Blaufrankisch/Blue Franconian, Plavec Zuki AKA=Rumeni Plavec, Portuglka, Zametovka, Zlahtnina
- –International– Barbera, Blaufrankisch AKA=Frankovna Crna, Blauer Portugieser, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamay, Merlot, Modir Pinot/ Sivi Pinot AKA=Pinot Noir, Refosco AKA=Teran, Syrah, Tegan, Zweigelt
GEOGRAPHY– REGION-Balkan Peninsula, COUNTRY-Slovenia, +Latitude(46°‘N’)
- REGION-Podravje(Drava)(East), Posavje(Lower Sava)(East-Central), Primorje(Littoral)(West)
- BORDERS-Italy(West), Croatia(South), Austria(North), Hungary(East)
- Sub-Zones/ PDO./ PGI.’s- Bela Krajina PDO., Bizeljisko-Sremic PDO., Dolenjska PDO., Goriska Brda PDO., Haloze PDO., Koper PDO., Kras PDO., Ljtomer-Ormoz PDO., Maribor PDO., Podravje PGI., Posavje PGI., Prekmurska Gorice PDO., Primorje PGI., Radgona-Kapela PDO., Smarie-Virstajn PDO., Srednje Slovenska Gorice PDO., Stajerska Slovenija PDO., Vipava Valley PDO.
- Slovenia Possesses 47 km. of Coastline.
TOPOGRAPHY– Features- “Flat/ Rolling/ Hilly/ Mountainous/ Terraced”
- SLOPES/ Eastern Alps/ Julian Alps, Karavanke Alps, +Altitude(60mt. to 500mt.)
- ON PLAIN/~Pannonian~
- On~Drava/ Sava~Rivers~Tributary~Danube~, On~Adriatic~Sea~
VITICULTURE– 30,000ha. Planted
- Slovenia is: #38 In Grape Production/ #46 In Wine Consumption In World.
VINICULTURE– Still, Blends, Amphorae, Botrytis, Orange Wines
- “Slovenian” Style of Winemaking- Style Utilizes Hand-Harvesting, Extended Skin Maceration, Generally No Added Yeast, Large-Older Barrel or Amphora Fermentation, Little or No Sulphur Use.
- Orange Wine– Deep, Historic and Cultural Roots In Macerating White Grapes For Orange Wine.
SOILS– “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Marl, Clay, Sandstone, Loess, Shale, Pannonian Marl
- Opoka(Compressed Mudstone and Sandstone Layers)
- Ponca“Sedimentary(Calcareous)”(Compacted/ Stratified Marl(Opoka), Sandstone, Limestone(Marine Fossils Once In Adriatic Sea), and Dolomites.)
- Flysch (Alternating layers of Marl and Sandstone.)
- **Refer to “TERROIR/ Geology & Soil” For Detailed Information On Soils.
CLIMATE– “Continental” & “Mediterranean” With “Alpine” Influence
- *Summers– Hot, Dry | *Winters– Cold, Wet
HISTORY– 5th.-4th. BC., Wine History Since Celts and Illyrian Tribes Before Romans.
- History of Dictators, Socialism and Communism Have Hampered Viticulture.
- Slovenia Has Been Ruled by Austro-Hungarian Empire, Italy, The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, Yugoslavia and Now Slovenia.
- 1991 @Slovenia– Became Independent Country From Yugoslavia.
CULTURE–
- Slovenia is at the Crossroads of 3 Cultures…
- Italian, Germanic, Eastern European, and Has Been Influenced by All Over the Centuries.
- REPINICA– Underground Cellars Dug Into Sand
- GASTRONOMY… Stew, Dandelion, Honey | CHEESE… Nanos, Tolminc
- FESTIVALS~ ~Orange Wine Festival~ (Izola, Slovenia/ April)
SLOVENIA WINE LAW
- GOVERNING BODY-
- LAWS GOVERNING- Geographic Boundaries, Topography
- Label Requirement-
- SLOVENIA WINE CLASSIFICATION
- Vrhunsko/ Premium Wine
- Namizno Vino/ Table Wine
Littoral Region
PRIMORJE PGI. @Trieste
- WHITE= Teran 17% AKA=Rebula/ Ribolla Gialla, Malvazija AKA=Malvasia
- International– Chardonnay, Friulano, Malvazija AKA=Malvasia, Siri Pinot AKA=Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc
- RED= Modro Frankinja AKA=Blaufrankisch, Piccola Nera
- International– Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia(West), REGION-Primorje, BORDERS-Italy(Friuli-Venezia)
- “Multi-Appellation”, Sub-Zones- Goriska Brda, Kaper & Slovenska Istria, Kras, Vipava Valley
- TOPOGRAPHY– “Rolling/ Hilly/ Mountainous”
- SLOPES/ Julian Alps, Adriatic Sea, +Altitude(45mt. to 305mt.)
- SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Shale, Marl, Sandstone
- CLIMATE- “Continental” With “Mediterranean” Influences, +WINDS~ ~Bora~
- VITICULTURE- ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producer- Batic(Nat.Pro.), Bjana, Burja, Domacija Razman, Edi Simere, Krapez, Marjan Simcic, Movia, Sutor
- CULTURE- AKA=Littoral Region, Primorska
GORISKA BRDA PDO. @Goriska/ Brda
- WHITE= Teran 17% AKA=Rebula/ Ribolla Gialla, Malvazija
- International– Friulano, Malvazija AKA=Malvasia, Siri Pinot AKA=Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc
- RED= Modro Frankinja AKA=Blaufrankisch, Piccola Nera, Rebula
- International– Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir
- GEOGRAPHY- COUNTRY-Slovenia, REGION-Primorja(North-West), +Latitude(45.99°‘N’)
- MUNICIPALITY-Brda, North of Vipava Valley PDO.
- BORDERS-Italy/ Collio(West), North of Gorizoa-City(10 km.)
- VILLAGES-Dobrovo, Gonijace, Krcnik, Krasno, Neblo, Plave, Slovrenc, Smartno, Vipolze
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Hilly/ Terraced”, On~Soca~River~, ON PLATEAU/~Karst~
- SLOPES/ Julian Alps/ Gorizia of Brda, +Altitude(60mt. to 250mt.)
- 30% of Hills Lie In the Collio, Italy (Almost a Single Region Divided by a Border.)
- SLOPES/ Julian Alps/ Gorizia of Brda, +Altitude(60mt. to 250mt.)
- SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Marl, Clay, Limestone, Shale
- Ponca(Marl/Sandstone/Marine Fossils), Opoka(Compressed Mudstone and Sandstone)
- CLIMATE- “Mediterranean” With “Alpine” Influence, +Diurnal Shifts(+20°Variation), +WINDS~ ~Bora~
- BETWEEN- 20km. to Adriatic Coast and 20km. to Alpine Foothills
- VITICULTURE- 1,800ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producer- Bjana(6ha.), Blazic, Buzinel, Dolfo, Edi Simcic, Emeran Reya, Ezetic, Ferdinand, Gasper, Giocato, Gravner, Jakoncic, Jermann, Kabaj(Nat.Pro.), Kilnec, KJolos, Klet, Kristian Keber, Marjan Simcic(18ha.), Mavric(*1907), Medot, Moro, Movia, Mulit Rdece, Radikon, Rodica, Scurek(20ha.), Sveti Nikolaj, Vinska Klet, Zanut
- Vineyard- Plesivo
- VINICULTURE- Orange Wine- Historic and Cultural Roots In Macerating White Grapes In Amphora.
- CULTURE- AKA=Brda(Slovenia), Gorizia(Italia)
- ~Etymology~ Brada Means “Hills” In Slovenian Referring to the Topography.
- Adjoins/ Borders the Collio DOC. In Friuli, Italy. Until 1940’s This Was a Single Region. In 1991 the Border Was Removed. Both Regions Share Culture and Tradition.
- FESTIVALS~ ~Rebula Wine Experience~(August/ Brda)
- Focuses of Rebula Producers From Brda(Slovenia) & Collio(Italy)
VIPAVA VALLEY PDO. @Prvacina
- WHITE= Klarnica, Malocrn, Pinela, Rumeni Muskat AKA=Muscat, Zelen
- –International– Cipron, Beli Pinot, Glera, Laski Rizling, Malvazija, Sauvignon Blanc
- RED= Modro Frankinja AKA=Blaufrankisch
- –International– Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Syrah
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Primorja(West-Central)
- BORDERS-Italia(North-West), Kras PDO.(West), “Multi-Appellation”
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Valley(Vipava)/ Plateau(Nanos)”
- SLOPES/ ?, +Altitude(45mt. to 305mt.), @Hw.#12
- CLIMATE- “Continental” With “Mediterranean” Influences
- +WINDS~ ~Bora~
- VITICULTURE- ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producer- Batic, Burja, Erneic, Guerilla, Krapez, Marc(8ha.), Tilia, Vina Colja, Vinarstvo Avin, Vipava 1894
- Vineyards- Ravno Brdo, Stranice
- CULTURE- AKA=Vipavska Dolina
- GOING THERE- WINE ROUTE~ ~Vipava Valley~
KRAS PDO. @Sezana
- WHITE= Malvasia, Refosco, Vitovska, Zelen
- –International– Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc
- RED=
- –International– Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah
- GEOGRAPHY– Slovenia, REGION-Primorje(West-Central)
- BORDERS-Italia/ Carso(West), Vipava Valley PDO.
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Hilly/ Valley”, ON PLATEAU/~Karst~, +Altitude(365mt.), On~Gulf~Trieste~(Near)
- SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Terra Rossa, Limestone
- VITICULTURE- ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers- Cotar(Nat.Pro.), Boris Lisjak, Josko Rencel, Stemberger, Vina Stoke
- CULTURE- AKA=Karst/ German, Carso/ Italian
- SUB-ZONES OF KRAS
- KRASKA– Geography- REGION-Primorje, SUB-REGION-Kras( )
- PLANOT– Geography- REGION-Primorje, SUB-REGION-Kras( )
- VRHE– Geography- REGION-Primorje, SUB-REGION-Kras( )
KOPER/ Slovenska Istria PDO. @Koper
- WHITE= Malvazija, Refosk
- RED= Tegan
- –International– Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Primorje(South-West), BORDERS-Croatia(South)
- South of Triste-City( km.), @Hw.#A1
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling/ Hilly”, SLOPES/ Saurin Hills, +Altitude(? mt.)
- ON PLATEAU/~Karst~, On~Adriatic~Sea~
- SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Limestone
- VITICULTURE- ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers- Rojac, Santomas, Steras, Vinakoper
- CULTURE- ASSOCIATIONS~ ~Slovenian Istria Winegrowers~
Drava Region
PODRAVJE PGI. @
- WHITE= Sipon AKA=Furmint
- –International– Chardonnay, Gewürtztraminer, Laski Riesling AKA=Welschriesling, Rizvanec AKA=Müller Thurgau, Muscat(Ottonel), Sivi Pinot AKA=Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc
- RED= ?
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Podravje, Alpine Foothills
- BORDERS-Austria(North), Hungary(North-East), Croatia(South), “Multi-Appellation”
- Sub-Zones- Haloze, Ljtomer-Ormoz, Maribor, Prekmurska Gorice, Radgona-Kapela, Srednje Gorice, Stajerska
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Hilly/ Valley(Drava)”, +Altitude(250mt. to 400mt.), In Drava River Valley
- SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Limestone, Pannonian Marl
- Was Once the Bottom of the Ancient Pannonian Sea.
- CLIMATE- “Continental” With “Alpine” Influence
- *Summers– Hot, Dry | *Winters– Cold, Wet
- Warmer as You Move From the Pohorje Mountains to the Pannonian Basin.
- VITICULTURE- ? ha. Planted
- VINICULTURE- Botrytis, Eisweins, Sparkling
- Estate/ Producers- Gross, Kobal, Puklavec Family, Verus, Zorjan
- CULTURE- AKA=Podravska/ Drava Region
PREKMURSKA GORICE PDO. @Sobota
- WHITE= Sipon AKA=Furmint
- RED= ?
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Podravje(North), BORDERS-Austria(North)
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Valley(Raba)”, +Altitude(? mt.), On~Mur~River~
- VITICULTURE- ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers-
STAJERSKA SLOVENIJA PDO. @Gorca
- WHITE= Bouvier, Sipon AKA=Furmint
- –International– Chasselas, Gewürtztraminer, Kerner, Laski Riesling AKA=Welschriesling, Muscat(Blanc a Petits Grains), Muscat(Ottonel), Ranfol, Rizvanec AKA=Müller Thurgau, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc
- RED= Blaufrankisch, Blauer Portugiser, Zweigelt
- –International– Gamay, Pinot Noir, Zametovka
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia(North-East), REGION-Podravje
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Hilly”, SLOPES/ Pohorje Mountains(Hills of Jarenina), +Altitude(? mt.)
- SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Limestone, Pannonian Marl
- VITICULTURE– 6,000 ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers- Crnko(6ha.), Dveri Pax, Freser, Furst, Gaube, Gross, Joannes Protner, Kobal, Kogl, Kuster, M-Enostavno Dobra, Ptujska Klet, Puklavec Family, Ptujska Klet, Radgonske Gorice, Sanctum, Steyer, Valdhuber, Verus, Vino Kupljen Jeruzalem, Zlati-Gric, Zorjan
RADGONA-KAPELA PDO. @Kapela
- WHITE= Laski Rizling, Renski,
- –International– Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Sauvignon Blanc, Traminec
- RED= ?
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Podravje(North), BORDERS-Austria(North)
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Hilly”, +Altitude(? mt.)
- VITICULTURE- ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers-
MARIBOR PDO. @Maribor
- WHITE= Renski Riesling, Sipon AKA=Furmint
- –International– Chardonnay, Muskat(Rumeni), Muscatel, Rulandec, Sauvignon Blanc, Traminec
- RED= Blaufrankisch, Zweigelt
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Podravje
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, +Altitude(? mt.), On~Drava~River~
- SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Slate, Gniess
- VITICULTURE- ? ha. Planted
- Zametovka Vine– Known For Being Oldest/ One of Oldest Vine On Earth, +400 Years Old.
- VINICULTURE-
- Estate/ Producers- Horvat, Ramsak, Vinag
SREDNJE SLOVENSKA GORICE PDO. @Ptuf
- WHITE= Kerner, Laski Riesling, Mukat, Renski Rezling, Ranina, Simon, Traminec, Zeleni Silvanec
- –International– Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris
- RED= ?
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Podravje
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Hilly”, +Altitude(? mt.)
- VITICULTURE– ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers-
LJTOMER-ORMOZ PDO. @Ormoz
- WHITE= Beli Pinot, Kerner, Laski Rizling, Renski Rizling, Simon
- RED= ?
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Podravje
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, +Altitude(? mt.), ON PLAIN/~Pannonian~
- VITICULTURE– ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers-
- CULTURE- AKA=Hills of Jeruzalem
HALOZE PDO. @Gorca
- WHITE= Believe Pinot, Laski Rizling, Renski Rizling, Sipon AKA=Furmint
- –International– Sauvignon Blanc, Traminec
- RED= Madrid Pinot
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Podravje
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Hilly”, +Altitude(? mt.)
- SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Limestone, Marl
- VITICULTURE– ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers-
Lower Sava Region
POSAVJE PGI. @
- WHITE= Chardonnay, Fermin, Laski Rizling, Renski Rizling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sipon AKA=Furmit, Zelini
- RED= Gamay, Modir Pinot AKA=Pinot Noir
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia(East), REGION-Posavje, BORDERS-Croatia(East), “Multi-Appellation”
- Sub-Zones– Bela Krajina, Bizeljisko-Sremic, Dolenjska, Smarie-Virstajn,
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling, Hilly”, +Altitude(? mt.)
- VITICULTURE– ? ha. Planted
- VINICULTURE- Sparkling
- Estate/ Producers- Istenic
- CULTURE- AKA=Posavska/ Lower Sava Region
SMARIE-VIRSTAJN PDO. @Virstajn
- WHITE= ?
- RED= ?
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Posavje
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling”, +Altitude(? mt.)
- VITICULTURE– ? ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers-
BIZELJISKO-SREMIC PDO. @Brezice
- WHITE= Beli Pinot, Chardonnay, Laski Rizling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sipon, Zelini
- RED= Gamay, Modir Pinot AKA=Pinot Noir
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Posavje
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Rolling/ Hilly/ Mountainous”, +Altitude(200mt. to 400mt.)
- On~Sava-River~Tributary~Danube~River~
- SOILS- “Metamorphic”, Sand, Clay, Marl
- CLIMATE- “Continental” With Pannonian Influence
- VITICULTURE– 850 ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers-
DOLENJSKA PDO. @Novo Mesto
- WHITE= Bouvier, Frumint, Ranfol
- –International– Chardonnay, Chasselas, Gewürztraminer, Kerner, Laski Riesling, Muscat(Blanc Petits Grains), Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Sauvignon Blanc, Scheurebe, Silvaner, Zeleini Silvanec
- RED= Modra Frankrinja, Zametovka
- –International– Blaufrankisch, Blauer Portugieser, Chasselas Rouge, Gamay, Pinot Noir, St. Laurent, Zweigelt
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Posavje
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling/ Hilly”, SLOPES/ ?, +Altitude(? mt.), On~Sava-River~
- CLIMATE- “Continental” With “Alpine”, Pannonian Influence
- VITICULTURE– 1550 ha. Planted
- Estate/ Producers- Bajnof, Brcar, Frelih, Jarkovic, Jelencic, Kobal Luna, Martincic, Slapsak, Zajc, Zaren Albiana
- VINICULTURE-
- Cvicek– +BLENDED/(2 Red & 2 White (Blaufrankish, Kraljevina, Laski Riesling, Zametovka)
- SUB-ZONES Of DOLENJSKA
- KRSKO– Geography- REGION-Posavje, SUB-REGION-Dolenjska( )
- GORJANCI– Geography- REGION-Posavje, SUB-REGION-Dolenjska( )
- NOVO MESTO– Geography- REGION-Posavje, SUB-REGION-Dolenjska( )
- TREBNJE– Geography- REGION-Posavje, SUB-REGION-Dolenjska( )
- KRMELJ– Geography- REGION-Posavje, SUB-REGION-Dolenjska( )
BELA KRAJINA PDO. @
- WHITE= ?
- RED= ?
- GEOGRAPHY- Slovenia, REGION-Posavje(South)
- TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, +Altitude(? mt.)
- VITICULTURE– ? ha. Planted
- VINICULTURE- Metliska Crnina, +BLENDED/ Frankinja, Zametovka
- Estate/ Producers-
OTHERS @Not Found In Demarcated Sub-Zone.
Estate/ Producers– Keltis
**Refer to “BIBLIOGRAPHY/ Sources” For Details On Scholarly Works Referenced.