🇫🇷FRANCE–Bordeaux

BORDEAUX IS–   AOC.– 56     IGP.- 3     @Bordeaux

  • BLANC= Sauvignon Blanc 6%, Sémillon 5%, Muscadelle 3%, Albarino, Auxerrois, Chenin Blanc, Colombard, Mauzac, Merlot Blanc, Ondenc, Sauvignon Gris
    • –International– Albarino, Lililorila, Petit Manseng, Ugni Blanc AKA=Trebbiano
  • ROUGE= Merlot 45%, Cabernet Sauvignon 22%, Cabernet Franc 12%, Carmenere, Gros Verdot, Malbec, Mancin AKA=Tarney/ Coulant, Penouille, Petite Verdot, St. Macaire AKA=Pardotte/ Pignon
    • –International– Arinarnoa, Castels, Marselan, Touriga National

GEOGRAPHY– Western Europe, France, South-West France, REGION-Bordeaux, +Latitude(44.8°‘N’)

  • DEPARTMENTS-Dordogne, Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Landes, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  • Sub-Zones– Medoc, Blaye & Bourg, Grave, Entre-Deux-Mers, Libournais, Bergerac
  • Left Bank/ Right Bank- Two Bordeaux Winemaking Regions Separated by the Gironde Estuary and Two Rivers… The Dordogne and the Garonne.  The Right Bank is the Area to the North of the Dordogne River and the Left Bank is the Area Directly South of the Garonne River.  The Area In Between is the Entre-Deux-Mers Region.
    • LEFT BANK–
      • **Refers to “Medoc/ Graves Regions” On Left Bank of Garonne River and Gironde Estuary.
    • RIGHT BANK–
      • **Refers to “Cote de Bordeaux/ Libournais Region” On Right Bank of Dordogne.

TOPOGRAPHY– “Flat/ Rolling/ Hilly”, On~Coast/ Atlantic~Ocean~

  • ON PLATEAU/ St. Emilon, +Alt.
  • *Generally Most of  Bordeaux Vineyards Are Within 25 Meters Above Sea Level.
  • On~Dordogne/ Garonne~Rivers~Tributaries~Gironde~Estuary~Atlantic~Ocean~

SOILS– “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”

  • Left Bank- Gravel, Limestone   |   Right Bank- Calcareous/ Sand, Clay
  • Soil Transported to Bordeaux From River Systems Originating In Massif Central and the Pyrenees Mountains.

CLIMATE– “Maritime” With “Continental”(Semi) Influence

  • *Summers– Warm/ Semi-Dry   |   *Winters– Cold, Wet, Mild
  • Humidity From Southern Atlantic, Estuaries, and Confluence of Rivers.
  • Gulf-Stream Warms Bordeaux During  Winter and Prevents Frosts.
  • WIND SHADOW/ Landes Forest On Coast Help Ease the Atlantic Winds

VITICULTURE– 111,400 ha. Planted, (12% White/ 88% Red)

  • Bordeaux is the Largest Growing Area In France.
  • *Generally– Vine-Training- Guyot, High Density Planting
  • Bordeaux Quality Hierarchy- Regional   |    District   |    Commune   |    Estate
  • Left Bank- On~Gironde~River~,  Blends Vary by Commune and Chateau
    • ROUGE= *Generally…Cabernet Sauvignon+65% +Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Petite Verdot
  • Right Bank- On~Gironde~River,  Blends Vary by Commune and Chateau
    • ROUGE= *Gernerally…Merlot+75%, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Petits Chateaux– Small Chateaux Which Aren’t Within a Specific AOC. Boundary.  Small In Term of Production and Reputations, Blending Basic Anonymous Wine.
  • CHALLENGE– ~Fall Rains~ Rains During Harvest Can Be an Issue.
  • CHALLENGE– ~Fungal Decease Pressure~ Maritime/ Damp Climate, Spraying Needed.
    • Bordeaux Mixture– Blend of Sulphur, Copper, Slaked Lime and Water Used as a Traditional Organic Fungicide and Bactericide In Vineyards. This Mixture is Used to Prevent Infestations of Downy Mildew, Powdery Mildew and Other Fungi.

VINICULTURE– Bordeaux Blend- General Term Used For the Blends In Bordeaux.

  • Rouge= Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, Petite Verdot, Carmenere
  • Claret- English Term For Clear Light-Red Wines Being Produced In the St. Emilion/ Bordeaux Region That Was Ready to Ship and Drink Early In Time For Christmas. This Claret Became Popular In the 1400’s & 1500’s. Once the Barrel Was Opened it Oxidized Quickly and Because of This Honey Was Added to Mask Flavor.
  • ATTRIBUTES Of The BORDEAUX BLEND “Rouge”
    • Cabernet Sauvignon- Brings: Pigmented, Tannin, Acidity, Structure, Aging, Spice
    • Merlot- Brings: Fleshy, Fruity, Texture, Fullness, Floral(Violet, Rose“Peddle”)
    • Cabernet Franc- Brings: Spice, Red Fruit Aromas, Character, Aging, Color
    • Petite Verdot- Brings: Color, Depth, Aromas, Complexity
    • Carmenere & Malbec- Didn’t Take Well to Root-Stock, Led to Decline.
    • Gros Verdot & St. Macaire- 2 Traditional Grapes That Are Rarely Used Anymore.
      • Blends Are Done By the Chateau/ Winemakers Preference In Great Vintages.  In Poor Vintages the Chateau/ Winemaker Works With What Levels Are Harvested.
  • ATTRIBUTES Of The BORDEAUX BLEND “Blanc”
    • Sauvignon Blanc- Brings: Citrus Aromas, Freshness
    • Semillon- Brings: Density, Body
    • Muscadets- Brings: Elegance
  • Great Bordeaux Vintages- 
    • 2010, 2009, 2005, 2000, 1995, 1986, 1982, 1975, 1970, 1966, 1961, 1945, 1928
  • Negociants of Bordeaux– Barton & Guestier, Borie-Manoux, Castel Freres, CVBG./ Dourthe-Kressmann, Millesima
  • Moelleux– General Term For Basic Sweet Bordeaux White Wine.
  • Liquoreux– Meaning Syrupy Sweet, General Term For Basic Wines Effected By Botrytis.
  • Chai– Bordelais Term For Building Where Wine In Stored In Barrel to Age.  Chai Are Building and Not Cellar Located Away From the Chateau and Vineyard.
  • The Word “Chateau” On the Label Can Only Be Used On Main Wine, But Not On Chateau’s 2nd. Label/ Wine.
  • WINE BARRELS–  ~Bordelaise~ 225 Liters(Bordeaux),  ~Tonneau~ 900 Liters
    • ~Muid~ 500 Liter

HISTORY– Since 4th. Century,  Right-Bank is 1,600 Years Old, Left-Bank is 300 Years Old.

  • 379 @Bordeaux– First Vineyards Planted.
  • 400 @Bordeaux– Introduced to Viticulture by the nRomans.
  • 1152-1453 @Bordeaux–  ~The English Connection~
    • Ruled by England, Helping to Facilitate International Wine Trade.  In 1152’s With the Marriage of Between the Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine (Ruler of Present Day Bordeaux) With Henry Plantagenet (the Man Who Would Be King of England In 1154 Becoming The Duke of Normandy), Uniting the Province of Aquitaine Part of the Angevin/ British Empire. One of the Benefits Was the Exemption From the Grand Costume(The Export Tax Imposed On Ships Exporting From Bordeaux).  This Brought Hundreds of Years of Peace and Prosperity Between the Two Regions. Bordeaux Wines Had a New Wine Market and the Grape Industry Boomed.
  • 1600’s & 1700’s @Bordeaux–  ~The Dutch and Bordeaux~
    • The Dutch Were One of the Biggest European Economic Super Powers and Had a Great Influence On the Production and Consumption of Bordeaux Wines. The Dutch Helped Establish Vineyards and Chateau, Negociants and Trade.
  • 1600’s @Medoc– Dutch Built Dikes and Drained Marsh In Estuary.
    • In the 1600’s the Dutch Shipping Merchants Drained the Medoc, Once a Salt Marsh On the Right Bank of the of Gironde Estuary to Reveal Gravel Banks Which Would Become Legendary Vineyards Sites.
    • Proximity to Atlantic Sea Routes and River Systems Into France Led to the Rise of Dominance.
  • 1663 @Bordeaux– Haut-Brion Became the First Wine Estate to Be Referenced, Rather Than a General Region.
  • 1875 @Bordeaux– Majority of Vineyards Ruined by Phylloxera. (1875-1892)
  • 1880 @Bordeaux–  ~Railroad to Spain/ Rioja~
    • With Phylloxera Ravaging France, Bordeaux Turned to the Wines From Rioja to Satisfy Their Thirst, and In Turn Had an Effect On the Wines Being Produced There During the Late 1800’s and Early 1900’s.
  • 2000 @Bordeaux–  ~Asian Markets~
    • Since 2000 Asian Countries Especially China’s Wealthy and Statice Seeker Has Taken a Strong Demand for Bordeaux Wine Particularly 1st. Growth.

CULTURE–

  • ASSOCIATIONS~ ~Le Conseil Interprofessionnel du Vin De Bordeaux~
    • Mission~ Represents 10,000 Bordeaux Grape Growers and Wine Producers and 400 Negociants.  Seeks to Promote the Interests of Its Members Via National and International Communication Channels, Conduct Research Into Market Trends In Both Production to Distributions.
      • Small Tax On Producers Based On Volume of Juice Produced. Taxes Go the Promotion of the Bordeaux Wine Industry as a Whole.
  • PIONEERS~ ~Prof Emile Peynaud~ “Forefather of Modern Oenology”, Helped Morderize Bordeaux and Improved Wine Making World Wide
    • ~Denis Dubourdieu~ “Bordeaux” Winemaker and Professor of Oenology at University of Bordeaux.
    • ~Michel Rolland~ “Bordeaux” Oenologist & Flying Wine Maker.
    • ~Christian Moueix~ “Bordeaux”, Winemaker and President of a Negociant House In Bordeaux.
    • ~Anthony Barton~ “Bordeaux”, Irish Transplant Who Owned Leoville-Barton & Langoa-Barton.
  • GASTRONOMY… Fish, Lamb   
    • Caneles de Bordeaux– Winemakers Put Egg Whites Into Barrels as a Natural Way to Fine Their Wine.  As a Result of This There Were Many Leftover Egg Yokes.  Some Nuns Centuries Ago Started Mixing Sugar and Some Rum With the Yokes to Make Little 2 Bite Candy Like Treats.
    •  CHEESE…
  • SCANDAL~ ~Bordeaux Blending~ (1900’s)
    • Blending Strong Wines of Spain and Rhone With Languedoc to Improve Strength and Color of the Wine Exported to the UK. Market.
  • Aquitaine– Term For South-West France Which Include Bordeaux, and the Section South to the Border With Spain.
    • History-

GOING THERE–

  • WINE-TRAILS~  ~La Route de Bordeaux~
    • **Refer to Each Sub-Region of Bordeaux For Wine Route.
  • ~La Cite du Vin~ Museum/ Learning Exhibition and Academic Center.
  • ~Rustic Vines Bike Tours~ Guided Tour On Electric Bikes Through Bordeaux.
  • FESTIVALS~ ~Vinexpo~ (June)
  • After Dark– Wine Bars In Bordeaux-City- Le Bar a Vin, Un Chateau in Ville
    • Le Metropolitain, Chez Le Pepere, Vins Urbains, Max Bordeaux, Comptoir St. Vincent
    • Les Trois Pinardiers, Les Doux Secrets d’Helene, Le Wine Bar
  • WINNER “Worlds Best”~ DtheV.com Awards- “Best Wine City In Europe-Bordeaux”  (1st. Place)
    • **Refer to “WINE CULTURE/ Derek’s Top 6 List” For Detailed Information.

CLASSIFICATION Of BORDEAUX

  • Classification of Medoc (1855) (Classified by Estate)
  • Napoleon III Wanted to Showcase the Best Reds of the Medoc Peninsula For Expo of Paris. Brokers From the Wine Industry Worked With Dr. Jules Lavalle of Comite d’Agriculture de Beaune to Ranked the Wines According to Chateau’s Reputation and Trading Price.
  • There Are 61 Bordeaux Chateau That Are Included In the 1855 Classification.
  • In Bordeaux Chateaus Are Classified….In Burgundy Vineyards Are Classified.
    • First Growths- 5 (Premiers Crus)
      • 1st.-Margaux(262ha./ 87ha.)            1st.-Lafite Rothschild(112ha.)
      • 1st.-Latour(78ha.)                                1st.Mounton Rothschild(222ha.)
      • 1st.-Chateau d’ Yquem(   ha.)
    • Second Growths- 14 (Deuxièmes Crus)
      • 2nd.-Brane-Cantenac(75ha.)            2nd.-Cos d’Estournel(91ha.)
      • 2nd.-Ducru-Beaucaillou(   ha.)         2nd.-Durfort-Vivens(55ha.)
      • 2nd.-Gruaud-Larose(82ha.)             2nd.-Montrose(95ha.)
      • 2nd.-Lascombes(28ha.)                     2nd.-Leoville Barton(47ha.)
      • 2nd.-Leoville-Las Cases(98ha.)       2nd.-Leoville-Poyferre(60ha.)
      • 2nd.-Pichon-Comtesse de Lalande(89ha.),  2nd.-Pichon-Longueville(73ha.)
      • 2nd.-Rauzan-Gassies(29ha.)             2nd.-Rausan-Segla(72ha.)
      • 2nd.-Pichon-Barton(   ha.)                2nd.-Ducru-Beaucaillou(   ha.)
    • Third Growths- 14 (Troisièmes Crus)
      • 3nd.-Boyd-Cantenac(   ha.)             3nd.-D’issan(  ha.)
      • 3nd.-Desmirail(   ha.)                       3nd.-Calon Segur(  ha.)
      • 3nd.-Ferriere(  ha.)                            3nd.-La lagune(    ha.)
      • 3nd.-Langoa Barton(  ha.)               3nd.-Giscours(   ha.)
      • 3nd.-Lagrange(  ha.)                         3nd.-Malescot St.-Exupery(  ha.)
      • 3nd.-Cantenac Brown(     ha.)         3nd.-Palmer(  ha.)
      • 3nd.-Marquis D’Alesme Becker(  ha.)
    • Fourth Growths- 10 (Quatriemes Crus)
      • 4nd.-Branqire-Ducru(   ha.)            4nd.-Beychevelle(  ha.)
      • 4nd.-Duhart-Milon(   ha.)                4nd.-Marquis de Terme(  ha.)
      • 4nd.-Lafon-Rochet(  ha.)                  4nd.- La Tour Carnet(    ha.)
      • 4nd.-Saint-Tierre(  ha.)                     4nd.-Pouget(   ha.)
      • 4nd.-Prieure-Lichine(  ha.)               4nd.-Talbot(  ha.)
    • Fifth Growths- 18 (Cinquiemes Crus)
      • 5nd.-Batailley(   ha.)                          5nd.-Dauzac   (  ha.)
      • 5nd.-D’Armailhac(   ha.)                   5nd.-Cantemerle(  ha.)
      • 5nd.-Croizet-Bages(  ha.)                 5nd.-Clerc Milon(    ha.)
      • 5nd.-Cos Labory(  ha.)                      5nd.-Camensac(   ha.)
      • 5nd.-Belgrave(  ha.)                           5nd.-Grand Puy-Lacoste(  ha.)
      • 5nd.-Grand Puy-Ducasse (   ha.)     5nd.-Lynch-Bages(  ha.)
      • 5nd.-Lynch-Moussas(  ha.)               5nd.-Du Tertre(    ha.)
      • 5nd.-Haut-Bages Liberal(  ha.)       5nd.-Pedesclaux(   ha.)
      • 5nd.-Pontet-Canet(  ha.)                   5nd.-Haut-Batailley(  ha.)
    • Any Bottle Recognized In the Classification of 1855 May Display a “Cru Classe en 1855” On Label
  • Classification of Medoc Crus Bourgeois (2003)
  • ASSOCIATIONS– ~Alliance de Crus Bourgeois du Medoc~
    • Mission~ Private Membership Association That Was Formed to Promote Recognition and Quality Among Medoc Wine Producers Not Classified In 1855. Membership Applied For From Vintage to Vintage, as of 2008 Membership is For 5 Year Period to Help Produces Market On Bottles.
    • 1 Inspection to Examine Physical Facilities and Confirm Size of Vineyards is Large Enough to Supple the Stated Number of Bottles Produced.
    • 2 Independent Board to Evaluate and Assess Quality of Wine Every 5 Years.  There is Also Hospitality Factor That is Put In the Equation. Cru Bouregeois is Made Up of 3 Tiers.
      • Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnels- 14
      • Cru Bourgeois Superieurs- 56
      • Cru Bourgeois- 179
  • Classification of St. Emilion
  • Classifications Re-evaluated Every 10 Year…1955, 1958, 1969, 1985, 1996, 2006
  • Estate Looking to be Included In Each Decades Classification Are Sent Application Forms From the INAO. (French Governments Appellation Body)
  • Classified by Blind Tasting, Where They Sit In Marketplace, Existing Reputation
    • Premier Grand Cru Classe A (4)
      • Angelus(   ha.),  Ausone(7ha.),  Cheval Blanc(   ha.), Pavie(37ha.)
    • Premier Grand Cru Classe B (15)
      • Beausejour(   ha.),  Beau-Séjour Becot(2ha.),  Belair-Monange,  Canon(34ha.),  Canon-la-Gaffeliere,  Figeac,  Fourtet,  Gaffeliere,  Larcis Ducasse(11ha.),  Mondotte,  Pavie-Macquin(15ha.),  Troplong Mondot(33ha.),  Trotte Vieille(10ha.),  Valandraud(   ha.)
    • Grand Cru Classe (63) ~Grand Cru~
      • L’Arrosee, Balestard-La-Tonnelle, Barde-Haut, Bellevue-Belcier, Bellevue(6ha.), Bergat,  Berliquet(9ha.), Cadet Bon, Cap de Mourlin, Le Chatelet, Chauvin, Clos de Sarpe, La Flotte, Commanderie, Corbin, Cote de Baleau, La Couspaude, Couvent des Jacobins, Dassault, Destieux, La Dominique, Faugeres, Faurie de Souchard, Ferrand, Fleur-Cardinale, La Fleur Monrange, Fombrauge, Fonplegade(18ha.),  Fonroque(20ha.), Grand Mayne, Grand-Corbin, Grand-Cornin-Despagne, Grand-Pentet, Grandes Murailles, Guadet, Haut Sarpe, Jean Faure, Laniote, Laroque, Laroze, Lamarzelle, Jocobins,  Monbousquet, Moulin du Cadet, Pavie-Decesse, Petit Faire de Soutard, Pressac, Prieure, Quinault l’Enclos, Ripeau, Rochebelle, St.-Georges Cote Pavie, Sansonnet, La Serre, Soutard, St.-Martin, Tertre Daugay, La Tour Figeac, Villemaurine, Yon Figeac
  • Classification of Graves 1953(59)
  • Cru Classe-13 Reds & 8 Whites
    • 3 Chateaux Were Classified For Only White Wines, 5 Chateaux Were Classified For Only Red Wines and the Remaining Chateaux Were Classified For Both Their Red and White Wines. Refer to Pessac Leognan AOC. For List of Chateaux.
    • Premier Cru Classe en 1855– Haut-Brion
    • Crus Classes de Graves– Bouscaut, Carbonnieux, De Chevalier, Couhins, Couhins-Lurton, De Fieuzal, Haut-Bailly, La Mission Haut-Brion, Latour-Martillac, Laville Haut-Bion, Malartic-Lagraviere, Olivier, Pape-Clement, Smith Haut-Lafitte
  • EN PRIMEUR
    • Bordeaux Wine Producers Hold an Annual Event “En Primeur” In Which the New Seasons Wines Are Tasted by Influential Journalists and Wine Critics of the Wine World. The Attendees Are There to Judge the Wines or Make a “Educated Guess” and Set the Price of the Wine Futures For Purchase From Wine Merchants.
  • GARAGIST/ Garagistes– Someone Who Produces Wine In Their Garage by Hand, On a “Small Scale”.
    • History– Some Dedicated Winemakers Who Worked For Predominant Chateau In Bordeaux Wanted to Make “New World Wine” On “Their Own Time” For Personal Reasons or to a Make Statement About the State of Modern Winemaking. These Renegade Small Producers Made Wine In Their Garages. Wines That Would Otherwise Get Them Thrown In Jail or Stricken With a “Table Wine” Label Because of the AOC. Laws. After Robert Parker Rated Some “Right Bank” Garage Wines Higher Than Some First Growths In 1995 Prices Sky-rocked. Now Garage Wine is a Way for Winemakers to Make a Wine For Themselves, or Make a Statement On a Smaller Crafted Stage.
  • WINE & PHILOSOPHY?  “Is QPR. Quality/ Price Ratio Prevalent In Bordeaux?”
    • “The QPR. is Very Evident In the Bordeaux. Here the Consistency of the Topography and Soils In the Areas That Make Up Bordeaux Lend Itself to the Opportunity to Find Hidden Gems at Much Lower Prices.  Prices of Wine In Bordeaux Especially In The Medoc and St. Emilion Can Range From $15 to $1,000 and Often This Price Discrepancy is Based Off Branding or a Political Classification Put In Place 175 Years Ago.”

**Refer to “FRANCE/ Home” For Detailed Information On France as a Country.

***Bordeaux Map Image Courtesy of Delong Maps, Purchase Maps at Delongwine.Com

Generic Appellations of Bordeaux

BORDEAUX ROUGE AOC.     @Bordeaux

  • ROUGE= Cabernet Sauvignon 20%, Merlot 17%, Cabernet Franc 12%, Carmenere, Gros Verdot, Malbec, Mancin AKA=Tarney/ Coulant, Penouille, Petite Verdot, St. Macaire AKA=Pardotte/ Pignon
    • –International– Arinarnoa, Castels, Marselan, Touriga National
  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Entire Bordeaux)
    • DEPARTMENT-Dordogne, Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Landes, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  • VITICULTURE- Majority of Bordeaux AOC. Is Produced by Co-Operatives Through Petits Chateau
    • Estate/ Producers- Bastian, Bel Air Perponcher, Bossuet, Cazenove, Larteau, Des Leotins, Marchand Bellevue, Paillette, Peuy Saincrit, Semper Viva de Suau, Thieuley, Tour de Mirambeau, Trocard, Valmengaux en Jarre
  • VINICULTURE– Rouge,  Rouge-Superieur
    • Wines Not Meeting AOC. Requirements Usually Labeled “Bordeaux Blanc”.
    • Grapes Grown In Bordeaux But Outside Specific Commune or Regional Appellation.
  • BORDEAUX ROUGE SUPERIEUR AOC.     @Bordeaux
    • BLANC= Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Semillon(Totaling+70%)/ Colombard, Merlot Blanc, Ugni Blanc(Totaling-30%)
    • ROUGE= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Malbec, Merlot, Petit Verdot
      • –International– Arinarnoa, Castels, Marselan, Touriga National
    • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Entire Bordeaux)
    • VITICULTURE– 12,350ha. Planted
      • Estate/ Producers- Bolaire, La Cour d’Argent, Les Gravieres, Hostin, Lauduc, La Paillette, De Parenchere, Pascaud, Pertignas, La Peyre, Sainte Barbe, Vermont, La Verriere
    • VINICULTURE- Consistent Quality, ABV.+.5%, -Yields, +Aged– Barrel, +11% +ABV.

BORDEAUX BLANC AOC.     @Bordeaux

  • BLANC= Auxerrois, Chenin Blanc, Colombard, Mauzac, Merlot Blanc, Muscadelle, Ondenc, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Semillon(Totaling+70%)/, Ugni Blanc(-30)
    • –International– Albarino, Lilorila, Petit Manseng
  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Entire Bordeaux)
    • DEPARTMENT-Dordogne, Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Landes, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  • VITICULTURE– 6,750ha. Planted
    • Estate/ Producers- Belle Garde, Combes, Guiraud, Haurets, Haut Mondain, Jean Faux, Lamothe Gaillard, Lamothe de Haux, Pierrail, Roc Meynard, Sirius de Maison Sichel, Suau, Timberlay, Verriere
  • VINICULTURE- +ABV.+10%
    • Wines Must Be +70% Sauvignon Blanc, Sémillon, Muscadelle to Be Labeled Bordeaux Blanc.
    • Wines Not Meeting AOC. Requirements Usually Labeled “Bordeaux Blanc”.
    • Grapes Grown In Bordeaux But Outside Specific Commune or Regional Appellation.
  • BORDEAUX SUPERIEUR BLANC AOC.     @Bordeaux
    • BLANC= Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Semillon, Colombard, Merlot Blanc, Ungni Blanc
    • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Entire Bordeaux)
    • VINICULTURE- +ABV.+12% 
  • BORDEAUX SEC AOC.     @Bordeaux
    • BLANC= Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Semillon, Colombard
    • GEOGRAPHY- France, Bordeaux(Covers Entire Bordeaux), DEPARTMENT-Gironde
      • Estate/ Producers- Guiraud

BORDEAUX ROSE AOC.     @Bordeaux

  • ROUGE= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet, Sauvignon, Carmenere, Merlot, Petit Verdot
  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Entire Bordeaux)
    • DEPARTMENT-Dordogne, Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Landes, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  • VITICULTURE– 3,650ha. Planted
  • VINICULTURE-
    • Estate/ Producers– Scylla

CREMANT De BORDEAUX AOC.     @Bordeaux

  • BLANC= Sauvignon Blanc, Sémillon, Muscadelle, Colobard, Merlot Blanc,Ugni Blanc
  • ROUGE= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Malbec, Merlot, Petit Verdot
  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Entire Bordeaux)
    • DEPARTMENT-Dordogne, Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Landes, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  • VITICULTURE– 550ha. Planted
    • Estate/ Producers- Bourdieu, Calvet, Les Cordeliers, Les Fines du Payre, La Fleur de Francois, Jaillance, Jean Louis Ballarin, Louis Eschenauer, Louis Vallon, Perle de la Brande, Rauzan, Remy Breque, Sainte Marie, Thunevin
  • VINICULTURE- SPARKLING…(Method/ Champenois), +Aged– 1 yr./ 9 mo. On Lees
    • Wines Must Be +70% Sauvignon Blanc, Sémillon, Muscadelle to Be Labeled Cremant de Bordeaux.
  • CULTURE- 1990- AOC. Officially Established.
  • CREMANT De BORDEAUX ROSE AOC.     @Bordeaux
    • ROUGE= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Merlot, Petit Verdot
    • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Entire Bordeaux)
    • VITICULTURE– 
      • Estate/ Producers- Amelia, Calvet, Celene

BORDEAUX CLAIRET AOC.     @Bordeaux

  • ROUGE= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet, Sauvignon, Malbec, Merlot, Petit Verdot
  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Entire Bordeaux)
    • DEPARTMENT-Dordogne, Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Landes, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  • VITICULTURE-
    • Estate/ Producers- Penin
  • VINICULTURE- Historically Clairet Was Produced Like a Rose Today With Limited Skin Contact.

Indication Geographique Protegee IGP. of Bordeaux

  • BIANC= Any White Grapes Varieties Approved For Production In Bordeaux.
  • ROUGE= Any Red Grapes Varieties Approved For Production In Bordeaux.
  • VITICULTURE– Wine Produced In “BORDEAUX” Non-Conforming to AOC.

AGENALS IGP.

  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Most of Bordeaux)

ATLANTIQUE IGP.

  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Most of Bordeaux)

CONTE TOLOSAN IGP.

  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Most of Bordeaux)

CHARENTALS IGP.

  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Most of Bordeaux)

CORREZE IGP.

  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Most of Bordeaux)

HAUTE-VIENNE IGP.

  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Most of Bordeaux)

LANDES IGP.

  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux(Covers Most of Bordeaux)

PERIGORD IGP.

  • GEOGRAPHY- France, REGION-Bordeaux, DEPARTMENT-Dordogne
  • SUB-CHAPTERS Of BORDEAUX
    • Medoc
    • Blaye/ Bourge
    • Grave
    • Entre-Deux Mers
    • Libournais
    • Bergerac
  • **Refer to These Proceeding Sub-Chapters For Detailed Information.

**Refer to “BIBLIOGRAPHY/ Sources” For Details On Scholarly Works Referenced.