🇵🇹PORTUGAL–Overview

PORTUGAL IS–  Regions– 10   DO.- 31     IGP.- 14     Co.-Op’s– 100     @Lisbon, Porto

  • BRANCO= Alfrocheiro, Alminhaca, Alvadurao, Alvar, Alvar Roxo, Alvarinho AKA=Albarino, Alvaraca, Antao Vaz, Arinto(Azores) Arinto(Bucelas), Avesso, Azal Branco, Barcelo, Bataca, Bical, Boais, Boal, Branco Especial, Branco Sem Nome, Branco Sr. Joao, Branco Valente, Carao de Moca, Codega, Castelao, Crato Branco, Diagalves, Douradinha, Encruzado, Esgana Cao, Estreito Macio, Fernao Pires, Folgasao, Formosa, Gouveio AKA=Verdelho, Gouveio Preto, Jampel, Lameiro, Leira, Listrao, Loureiro, Lourela, Mavalsia Fina AKA=Arinto do Dao, Malvia AKA=Malvasia de Setubal, Malvasia Preta, Mandeudo, Manteudo, Marquinhas(Cross), Moscatel Roxo, Naia, Praca, Rabo de Ovelha, Rabigato, Ratinho, Siria, Roupeiro AKA=Dona Branco, Sercial, Stria, Talia, Trajadura AKA=Treixadura, Valbom, Valveirinha, Vioshinho, Vital
    • –International– Alicante Brano AKA=Damaschino, Chardonnay, Dona Joaquina, Fepiro, Greco di Tufo, Marasnne, Malmey AKA=Malvasia di Lipari, Malvasia Candida AKA=Malvasia di Lipari, Muscat(Alexandria), Muscat(Blanc Petit Grain), Perrum AKA=Pedro Ximenez, Promissao AKA=Nehleleschol, Roussanne, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Seminirio AKA=Palamino, Viognier
  • TINTO= Agronomica, Alfrocheiro Preto, Alicante Bouschet, Aramont, Azal Tinto, Baga, Bastardo, Branjo, Cabinda, Cabral, Camerate AKA=Castelao/ Joao de Santarem, Canica, Carrega Tinto, Casculho, Concieira, Goncalo Pires, Grangeal, Jacquet, Jaen AKA=Mencia, Listrao Roxo, Marufo, Matias, Mereto, Molar AKA=Listan Negro, Moreto, Nevoeira, Ohanes Red, Parreira, Periquita, Pexem, Preto Cardano, Preto Martinho, Primavera, Ramisco, Saborinho, Sao Saul, Sousao, Tinta Aguiar, Tinta Amarela, Tinta Carvalha, Tinta Grossa, Tinta Mesquita, Tinto Barroca, Tinto Cao, Touriga Franco AKA=Touriga Francesa, Touriga Nacional, Trincadeira AKA=Tinta Amarela
    • –International– Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Graciano, Grand Noir de la Calmette, Merlot, Mindelo, Pinot Noir, Petite Verdot, Petit Sirah, Syrah, Sevilhao AKA=Dolce Noir, Tempranillo AKA=Roriz/ Aragonez

GEOGRAPHY– HEMISPHERE-Northern, CONTINENT-Iberian Peninsula(West), COUNTRY-Portugal

  • BORDERS-Spain(East), Atlantic Ocean(West), Mediterranean Sea(South), LATITUDE: 32.62°- 42.07° ‘N’
  • Sub-Zones- Minho, Transmontano, Duriense, Terras Do Dao, Terras Da Beira, Lisboa, Alentejano, Algarve, Portuguese Islands(Madeira/ Azores)

TOPOGRAPHY– “Flat/ Rolling/ Hilly/ Mountainous/ Terraced”

  • Rivers– On~Duero~River~Atlantic~Ocean~ (Headwaters…Picos de Urbion, Spain)
    • On~Minho~River~ (Separates Spain From Portugal)
    • On~Cavado/ Douro/ Guadiana/ Lima/ Tamega~

SOILS– “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”

  • Coastal- “Sedimentary”, Limestone, Sand, Clay
  • Interior- “Metamorphic”, Granite, Schist
  • **Refer to “PORTUGAL/ Sub-Chapters” For Detailed Information On Soils.
  • **Refer to “TERROIR/ Geology & Soil” For Detailed Information On Soils.

CLIMATE– “Maritime”, “Mediterranean”, “Continental”

  • Coastal- “Maritime”,    *Summers– Warm   |   *Winters– Mild Wet
  • Interior- “Continental”,   *Summers– Hot, Dry   |    *Winters– Cold Rain

VITICULTURE– 240,000 ha., (35% White/ 65% Red)

  • #12 In Grape Production & #9 In Wine Consumption In World
  • Refuge- Portugal Was the Place Where the Last Truly European Grapes Survived the Most Recent Ice Age Which Left the Rest of Europe to Be Populated Later With the Grape Indigenous to the Middle East.
  • WINE BARRELS~  ~Madeira Drum~ 650 Liters (Portugal)
  • WINE BARRELS~  ~Port Pipe~ 650 Liters (Duero)
  • WINE BARRELS~  ~Cast~ 225 Liters (Portugal)

VINICULTURE– Tinto,  Branco,  Rosado,  Espumante,  Aguardente

  • 85% Percentage of Grapes Required to Be Labeled Single Varietal Wine.
  • PORTUGAL AGING REQUIRENMENT
    • TINTO
      • Tinto- After May 15th., Following Harvest
      • Tinto Reserva- +AGED/ 24 Months
      • Garrafeira- +AGED/ 3 Years/ 2 In Oak
      • Tinto Nobre- +AGED/ 36 Months
      • Tinto Nobre Garrafeira- +AGED/ 42 Months
    • BRANCO
      • Branco- +AGED/ None
      • Branco Reserva- +AGED/ 6 Months
      • Branco Nobre- +AGED/ 12 Months
      • Branco Nobre Reserva- +AGED/ 12 Months
      • Branco Nobre Garrafeira- +AGED/ 18 Months
  • SPARKLING
    • Espumante VEQPRD.   SPARKLING…Method/ Traditional     @Bairrado
    • Espumante VFQPRD.   SPARKLING…Method/ Charmat/ Traditional
      • Produced In Duoro, Ribatejo, Minho, Alentejo, Estremadura
    • Espumante    SPARKLING…Method/ Sparging

HISTORY– 2,000 Year Wine Culture

  • 800 BC. @Portugal– Introduced to Viticulture Roman Empire.
  • 1754 @Duoro– First Designated and Regulated Wine Region.
  • 1877 @Portugal– Phylloxera Epidemic
  • 1970’s/ 80’s @Portugal/ America– There Was a Great Interest In Rose Wine Produced In Portugal.
    • Mateus @Portugal– In Oval Shaped Bottle, Marketed as the Original Portuguese Rose, Produced From Baga Grapes.
    • Lancers @Portugal– In Earth-Ware Bottle, Made From Native Portuguese Grapes.

CULTURE–  As a Whole Portugal Dosn’t Import or Export Much Wine.

  • Cork- Portugal Has a History and Culture of Cork Oak Farming For Cork Production.
    • 2017- 772 Hectares of Cork Forests.
  • ASSOCIATIONS~ ~Associacao Portuguesa da Cortica~
    • Mission~ Cork Growers and Manufactures, Founding In 1956 and Located In Santa Maria de Lamas In Northern Portugal.
  • ASSOCIATIONS~ ~Wines of Portugal~
    • Mission~ To Create an Appetite For Portuguese Wines, Making Them More Competitive; Increase the Wines of Portugal Perceived Value Leveraging the Growth In Market Value.
  • PIONEERS~
    • ~Douro Boys~Worked Together to Build Douro Wine Profile On the Worlds Wine Stage Through Still Red Wine and Port.
      • Quinta do Crasto- (Tomas & Miguel Roquette)
      • Quinta D. Maria- (Cristiano Van Zeller)
      • Niepoort- (Dirk Van der Niepoort)
      • Quinta do Vale Meao- (Francisco Olazabal)
      • Quinta do Vallado- (Francisco Ferreira & Alvares Ribeiro)
    • ~Forrester, Baron~ “Portugal”, 1800’s, Visionary Who Mapped the Duoro Valley In Detail.
    • ~Symington, Paul~ “Portugal”, President of Symington Family Estate, the Worlds Largest Port Group.
    • ~Vouillamor, Dr. Jose~ “Author/ Authority” On Origin and Parentage of Grape Varieties Through DNA. Profiling.

PORTUGAL WINE LAW

  • GOVERNING BODY-
    • ASSOCIATIONS~ ~Comissao Viticinicola Regional~ (Institute of Vines and Wine)
  • LAWS GOVERNING- Geographic Boundaries, Topography, Viticulture
    • –Label Requirement–

PORTUGAL WINE CLASSIFICATION

  • Denominacao de Origem Controlada DOC.      (Controlled Denomination of Origen)
  • Indicacao de Proviniencia Regulamentada IPR.    (Indicates Regulated Provence)
  • Vinho Regional VR.      (Regional Wine)
  • Vinho de Mesa        (Table Wine)
    • Lessor Wines or Respective Producers Choosing to Work Outside of the Regulatory Confines Established by the Comissao Viticinicola Regional.
  • PORTUGAL NEW EU SANCTIONED QUALITY LEVELS
    • Demominacao de Origem Protegida DOP.    (Protected Denomination of Origen)
    • Indicacao Geografica Protegida IGP.     (Protected Geographical Indication)

PORTUGUESE WINE WORDS

  • Adega– Winery
  • Branco- White
  • Bruto- Dry Sparkling Wine
  • Casa- House/ Wine Producer
  • Casta- Varietal
  • Colheita- Vintage
  • Doce– Sweet
  • Espumante– Sparkling Wine(Traditional)
  • Espumoso– Sparkling Wine(Carbonated)
  • Garrafeira– Reserva Red
  • Garrafa- Bottle
  • Lagares- Granite Walled Trough Used to Tread Grapes
  • Largaretta- Granite Walled Trough Used to Fermentation of Grapes
  • Maduro– Mature
  • Natura– Organic
  • Rosado– Rose Wine
  • Quinta– Vineyard
  • Seco– Dry
  • Tambor– Barrel
  • Tinto– Red Wine
  • Vinhas Velhas– Old Vine
  • Vinho– Wine
  • GEOGRAPHIC DISCLAIMER~ “ To Understand the Wine World and Benefit From DtheV.com a Understanding of Portugal’s Geography is Needed and the Ability to Visualize Its Wine Regions Topography.  Portugal is Organized In a North to South / East to West Orientation and Intended to Be Researched  as So.”
  • SUB-CHAPTERS Of PORTUGAL
    • Minho
    • Transmontano
    • Duriense
    • Terras Do Dao
    • Terras Da Beira
    • Lisboa
    • Alentejano
    • Algarve
    • Portuguese Islands
  • **Refer to These Proceeding Sub-Chapters For Detailed Information.

**Refer to “BIBLIOGRAPHY/ Sources” For Details On Scholarly Works Referenced.