USA.-Atlantic South

ATLANTIC SOUTH IS–  States– 5

GEOGRAPHY– USA., REGION-Atlantic South, On~Atlantic~Ocean~

  • BORDER-Atlantic North-East(North)
  • STATES-Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia
  • AVA’s– Appalachian High Country AVA., Dahlonega Plateau AKA., Eastern Shore AVA., Kanawha River Valley AVA., Middleburg AVA., Monticello AVA., Northern Neck AVA., North Fork of Roanoke AVA., Ohio River Valley AVA., Rocky Knob AVA., Shenandoah Valley AVA., Virginia Peninsula AVA., Yadkin Valley AVA.

TOPOGRAPHY–  FEATURES- “Flat/ Rolling/ Hilly”

  • SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains/ Blue Ridge Mountains/ Alleghenies, +Alt. 10ft.- 2,000ft.

SOILS– “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”

CLIMATE– “Continental” With “Maritime” & “Sub-Tropical” Influences,  +Humidity

  • CHALLENGES– Frost, Cold, Storms From Hurricane Spin-Offs.

VITICULTURE– 

VINICULTURE–

  • While Producing Wine From Estate Grown Grape, Central United States Has a History of Sourcing Grapes From California, Oregon and Washington and Shipping the Harvest by Refrigerated Freight to Produce Additional Wine.

GEOGRAPHIC DISCLAIMER~ “To Understand the Wine World and Benefit From DtheV.com an Understanding of the Atlantic South United States Geography is Needed and the Ability to Visualize Its Topography.  This Chapter is Organized In a North to South / East to West Orientation and Intended to Be Researched as So.”

VIRGINIA State     @Richmond

  • WHITE= Chardonnay 13%, Viognier 9%, Albarino, Petit Manseng, Rkatsiteli, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Vermentino, Viognier
    • –Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc 12%, Merlot 9%, Cabernet Sauvignon 8%, Petit Verdot 7%, Alicante Bouschet, Malbec, Mourvèdre, Nebbiolo, Norton(Indigenous), Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Sangiovese, Syrah, Tannat
    • –Hybrid– Chambourcin
  • GEOGRAPHY– USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia, LATITUDE: 36.4°‘N’– 39°‘N’
    • BORDERS-Maryland(North), North Carolina(South), Tennessee(South-West), West Virginia(North-West)
    • Sub-AVA.’s-(8)– Middleburg AVA., Monticello AVA., North Fork of Roanoke AVA., Northern Neck of George Washington Birthplace AVA., Rocky Knob AVA., Shenandoah Valley AVA., Virginia’s Eastern Shore AVA., Virginia Peninsula AVA., Yadkin Valley AVA.
    • Sub-Regions-(10)– Blue Ridge Highlands, Central Virginia, Chesapeake Bay, Eastern Virginia, Hampton Roads, Heart of Appalachia, Northern Virginia, Southern Virginia
  • TOPOGRAPHY– “Flat/ Rolling/ Valley”, On~Chesapeake~Bay~(East)
    • SLOPES/ Cumberland/ Blue Ridge Mountains(West), +Alt. 15ft.- 5,729ft. (Grapes to ?)
    • WIND-GAPS/ ~Rockfish~ Located in Blue Ridge Mountains/ Afton Mountains Between Charlottesville and Waynesboro.
  • SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Limestone Skeins
    • Generally Clay In Central Virginia/ Granite In Northern Virginia.
  • CLIMATE- “Continental” With “Maritime” & “Sub-Tropical” Influences, +Humidity
    • RAIN SHADOW EFFECT/ Blue Ridge Mountains/ Afton Mountains
    • CHALLENGES-Spring Frost, Cold, Storms From Hurricane Spin-Offs
  • VITICULTURE– 4,800 ac. Planted, CHALLENGES– Humidity, Disease
    • Estates/ Producers-(Not Located In Demarcated AVA.)– Breaux, Boxwood, Covert Wine Works, Doukenie, Early Mountain(55ac.), Green Hill, Hamlet, Lost Creek, Maggie Malick, Michael Shaps, Paradise Springs, Pearmund, Rappahannok, Sunset Hill, Two Twisted Post, Veramar, Vint Hill, Walsh, White Hall, Willowcraft
    • Vineyards-
  • VINICULTURE- Numbers of Wineries- 307 (282 Bonded/ 25 Virtual) “As of 2020”, #7 State/ USA.
  • HISTORY– 400 Year+ Wine History
    • 1607 @Virginia– First Grape Vines Planted by English Settlers at Jamestown.
    • 1774 @Virginia– Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello Estate Planted Cutting From Italy, France and Spain.
    • 1980’s @Virginia– Planting Shifted From French Hybrids to Vinifera.
  • CULTURE– ACADEME~ ~Virginia Tech University~ @Blacksburg
    • FESTIVALS~ ~Virginia Wine Expo~ (February/ Richmond)
      • ~Virginia Wine Festival~  (September/ Ashburn)

Northern Virginia–Region

MIDDLEBURG AVA.     @Middleburg

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Gewurztraminer, Petit Manseng, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Viognier
    • –Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Sauvignon, Nebbiolo, Merlot, Petit Verdot
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(          ), SUB-REGION-Northern Virginia
    • West of Washington DC.-City(50mi.), @Hw.#55/#66
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, SLOPES/ Blue Ridge Mountains(West), +Alt. 220ft.- 1,400ft.
    • On~Potomac~River~
  • SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Granite, Sandstone
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 230 ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- Barrel Oak, Boxwood, Gadino, Greenhill, Grey Ghost, Linden, Mediterranean, Marterella, Naked Mountain, Pearmund, Slater(Sparkling)

Shenandoah Valley–Region

SHENANDOAH VALLEY AVA.     @Winchester

  • WHITE= Chambourcin, Chardonnay, Petit Manseng, Semillon, Viognier
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Sangiovese
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(North)
    • SUB-REGION-Shenandoah Valley, (AVA. Laps)West-Virginia(North-East) 
    • **Refer to “WEST VIRGINIA” For Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling/ Valley(Shenandoah)”
    • SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains/ Blue Ridge Mountains Alleghenies, +Alt. 2,000ft.
  • SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Limestone Skeins
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, RAIN SHADOW EFFECT/ Afton Mountains, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 230 ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- AmRhein, Ankida, Blue Ridge, Cave Ridge, Cedar Creek, Ehrenberg, Glen Manor, Lightwell Survey, Linden, Morrisette, Muse, Rockbridge, Valhalla, Villa Appalachia, Virginia Mountain, Wolf Gap
    • Vineyards- Bill Dillian, Hillside, Villa Vallecieto, Wilderotter

Central Virginia–Region

MONTICELLO AVA.     @Charlottesville

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Muscat Ottonel, Petit Manseng, Rkatsiteli, Sauvignon Blanc, Vermentino, Viognier
    • –Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Merlot, Mourvèdre, Nebbiolo, Norton, Petit Verdot, Syrah, Tannat
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(Central)
    • SUB-REGION-Central Virginia(North), @Hw.#250
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, SLOPES/ Blue-Ridge Moutains(East), +Alt. ?
  • CLIMATE- “Sub-Tropical” With “Maritime” Influence,  +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- ? ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- Barboursville(180ac.), Blenheim, Burnley(31ac.), First Colony, Horton, Keswick, King Family(12ac.), Kluge, Michael Shaps, Stinson, Trump
    • Vineyards- Jefferson, White Hall
  • HISTORY- ~Etymology~ Named For the Historic Home to Thomas Jefferson.
  • CULTURE- PIONEERS~ ~Thomas Jefferson~ First Distinguish American Viticulturist and Was Ambassador to France.

Blue Ridge Highlands–Region

NORTH FORK Of ROANOKE AVA.     @Roanoke

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Petit Manseng, Viognier
  • RED= Alicante Bouschet, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, Merlot, Syrah, Sangiovese, Tannat
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(South-West)
    • SUB-REGION-Blue Ridge Highlands
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, On~Roanoke~River~
    • SLOPES/ Allegheny Mountains(East), +Alt. 1,200ft.- 2,200ft.
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- ? ac. Planted,    The Old Vine of Roanoke Island, Planted 1600’s
    • Estates/ Producers- Early Mountian
    • Vineyards- Quaker Run

ROCKY KNOB AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Riesling
    • –Hybrid– Seyval Blanc
  • RED= Aglianico, Cabernet Sauvignon
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(South-Interior)
    • SUB-REGION-Blue Ridge Highlands, COUNTIES-Floyd, Patrick
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, SLOPES/ Blue-Ridge Mountains(East), +Alt. 3,500ft.
  • SOILS- “Metamorphic”, Loam, Gravel
  • CLIMATE- “Maritime” With “Continental” Influences, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-   ?  ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- Chateau Morrisette, Villa Appalaccia

Chesapeake Bay–Region

NORTHERN NECK AVA.     @Tappahannock

  • WHITE= Chambourcin, Chardonnay, Seyval Blanc
    • –Hybrid– Chardonel, Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon
    • –Hybrid– Chambourcin
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(East), SUB-REGION-Chesapeake Bay
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, Peninsula of Between Potomac & Rappahannock Rivers
    • On~Chesapeake~Bay~(S0uth–West)
  • SOILS- “Metamorphic”, Sand, Loam
  • CLIMATE- “Maritime” With “Sub-Tropical” Influences, +Humidity
    • *Summers– Hot, Humid    |    *Winters– Cold, Wet
  • VITICULTURE- 3,000ac./ ?  ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- Dog and Oyster
  • CULTURE- AKA= Northern Neck of George Washington Birthplace AVA.

Eastern Virginia–Region

EASTERN SHORE AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Riesling
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Merlot
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(East), SUB-REGION-Eastern Virginia
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, On~Coast/ Chesapeake Bay/ Atlantic Ocean~
    • ON PENINSULA/ Delmarva
  • CLIMATE- “Maritime” With “Sub-Tropical” Influences, +Humidity
    • *Summers– Hot, Humid, Influence by Atlantic Gulf Stream
  • VITICULTURE- ?  ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- Chatham Vineyards
  • CULTURE-
    • PIONEERS~ ~Gianni Zonin~ Grew Grapes On the Land the President Thomas Jefferson Grew Grapes 370 Years Later.

Hampton Roads–Region

Heart of Appalachia–Region

Southern Virginia–Region

APPALACHIAN HIGH COUNTRY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay
    • –Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(South-West)
    • SUB-REGION-SouthernVirginia
    • (AVA. Laps)Tennessee,  (AVA. Laps)North Carolina(North-West)
      • **Refer to “These States” For Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains, +Alt. ?
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- ? ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers-

VIRGINIA PENINSULA  AVA.    @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Petit Manseng, Riesling, Viognier
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Mourvèdre, Petit Verdot, Tannat
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(South–East)
    • COUNTIES-Charles City, James City, New Kent, York
    • CITIES-Hampton, Newport News, Poquoson, Williamsburg
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, On~James~River~Chesapeake~Bay~
    • ON PENINSULA/ Virginia
  • CLIMATE- “Maritime” With “Sub-Tropical” Influences, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 112 ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- Gauthier, New Kent, Saude Creek, Upper Shirly, Williamsburg Winery
    • Vineyards- Upper Shirly“Estate”, Gauthier“Estate”
  • CULTURE- 2021- AVA. Officially Established

NORTH CAROLINA State     @Raleigh

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Riesling
  • RED= Aleatico, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Sangiovese
  • GEOGRAPHY– USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-North Carolina, LATITUDE: 34°‘N’– 36.21°‘N’
    • Sub-AVA.’s– Appalachian High Country AVA., Yadkin Valley AVA.
  • TOPOGRAPHY– “Flat/ Rolling”
  • CLIMATE- “Maritime” With “Sub-Tropical” Influences, +Humidity
    • CHALLENGES– Frost, Cold, Storms From Hurricane Spin-Offs.
  • VITICULTURE- 
    • Estates/ Producers-
    • Vineyards-
  • VINICULTURE- Numbers of Wineries- 175 (153 Bonded/ 22 Virtual) “As of 2020”, #10 State/ USA.

YADKIN VALLEY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Riesling
  • RED= Aleatico, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Sangiovese
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-North Carolina(       )
    • COUNTY-Davie, Surry, Wikes, Yadkin
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, On~Yadkin~River~
    • SLOPES/ Blue Ridge Mountains
  • CLIMATE- “Maritime” With “Sub-Tropical”  Influences, +Humidity
    • *Summers– Hot, Humid, Influence by Atlantic Gulf Stream
  • VITICULTURE- 400 ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- Childress, Jolo, Laurel Gray, Shelton

APPALACHIAN HIGH COUNTRY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay
    • –Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-North Carolina(North–West), SUB-REGION-SouthernVirginia
    • COUNTIES-Alleghany, Ashe, Avery, Mitchell, Watauga
    • (AVA. Laps)Tennessee, (AVA. Laps)Virginia
    • **Refer to “These State”For Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains, +Alt. 2,300ft.- 4,650ft.
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- ? ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- Banner Elk, Grandfather, Linville Falls, Raven Rock, Roaring River

TRYON FOOTHILLS AVA. (Un-Official)     @

  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-North Carolina(South)

WEST VIRGINIA State     @Charleston

  • WHITE=  ?  –Hybrids–
  • RED=    ?  –Hybrids–
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(North-Central), STATE-Indiana, LATITUDE: 37.11°‘N’– 40.38°‘N’
    • Sub-Zones/ AVA.’s- Kanawha River Valley AVA., Ohio River Valley AVA., Shenandoah Valley AVA.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 
    • Estate/ Producers-

SHENANDOAH VALLEY AVA.     @Winchester

  • WHITE= Chambourcin, Chardonnay, Semillon
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sangiovese
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-West-Virginia(North-East)
    • (AVA. Laps)Virginia(North-West)
    • **Refer to “VIRGINIA” For Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling/ Valley(Shenandoah)”
    • SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains,  Blue Ridge Mountains Alleghenies, +Alt. ?
  • SOILS- “Metamorphic”, “Sedimentary”, Limestone Skeins
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, RAIN SHADOW EFFECT/ Afton Mountains, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- ?ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers-
    • Vineyards-

OHIO RIVER VALLEY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Pinot Gri, Riesling, Roussanne, Sauvignon Blanc
    • –Hybrids– Seyval Blanc, Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon,  Petit Manseng, Pinot Noir
    • –Hybrids– Baco Noir, Marechal Foch
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(East), STATE-West Virginia(South-West)
    • (AVA. Laps)Indiana(South), (AVA. Laps)Kentucky(North-East), (AVA. Laps)Ohio(South)
      • **Refer to “These States” For Additional AVA. Information.
    • Sub-Zones/ AVA.’s- Kanawha River Valley AVA.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling/ Valley(Ohio River)”, On~Ohio~River~
  • CLIMATE- “Continental” With “Sub-Tropical” Influences,  +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-  ? Planted, (2nd. Largest AVA. In USA.)
    • Estates/ Producers-
  • KANAWHA RIVER VALLEY AVA.     @
    • WHITE=   |   RED=
    • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(East), STATE-Ohio(Laps), In Ohio River Valley AVA.
    • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling/ Valley(Kanawha)”
    • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
    • VITICULTURE-  ? ac. Planted,  (    % White/     % Red)
      • Estates/ Producers-

KENTUCKY State        @Frankfort

  • WHITE=  ?  –Hybrids~
  • RED=    ?  –Hybrids–
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(East–Central), STATE-Kentucky, LATITUDE: 36.30°‘N’– 39.9°‘N’
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 
    • Estate/ Producers-

TENNESSEE State     @Nashville

  • WHITE=  ?  –Hybrids~
  • RED=    ?  –Hybrids–
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(North-Central), STATE-Tennesse, LATITUDE: 35°‘N’– 36.41°‘N’
    • Sub-Zones/ AVA.’s- Appalachian High Countray
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- +Humidity
    • Estate/ Producers–

APPALACHIAN HIGH COUNTRY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay
    • –Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Tennessee(North–West)
    • COUNTIES-Carter, Johnson
    • (AVA. Laps)North Carolina(North-West),  (AVA. Laps)Virginia
      • **Refer to “These States” For Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”, SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- ? ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers-

UPPER CUMBERLAND AVA. (Un-Official)     @

  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Tennessee(North-Central)

GEORGIA State      @Atlanta

  • WHITE=  ?
    • –Hybrids~
  • RED=    ?
    • –Hybrids–
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(North-Central), STATE-Georgia, LATITUDE: 30.31°‘N’– 35°‘N’
    • Sub-Zones/ AVA.’s- Dahlonega Plateau
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling”
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-
    • Estate/ Producers-(Not Found In Demarcated Sub-Zone)-

DAHLONEGA PLATEAU AVA.     @Dahonega

  • WHITE= Chardonnay
    • –Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Georgia(North)
    • COUNTIES-Lumkkin
  • TOPOGRAPHY- “Flat/ Rolling/ Plateau(Dehlonega)”
    • SLOPES/ Blue Ridge Mountains, +Alt.?
  • CLIMATE- “Continental”, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 127ac. Planted
    • Estates/ Producers- Cavender Creek, Cottage, Frogtown, Kaya, Montaluce, Three Sisters, Wolf Mountain
    • Vineyards- Cavender Creek“Estate”, Cottage“Estate”, Kaya“Estate”
  • CULTURE- 2018- AVA. Officially Established

**Refer to “BIBLIOGRAPHY/ Sources” For Details On Scholarly Works Referenced.