USA.-Atlantic South


ATLANTIC SOUTH IS  States 5

GEOGRAPHY USA., REGION-Atlantic South, On~Atlantic~Ocean~

  • BORDER-Atlantic North-East(North)
  • STATES-Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia
  • AVA’s Appalachian High Country AVA., Dahlonega Plateau AKA., Eastern Shore AVA., Kanawha River Valley AVA., Middleburg AVA., Monticello AVA., Northern Neck AVA., North Fork of Roanoke AVA., Ohio River Valley AVA., Rocky Knob AVA., Shenandoah Valley AVA., Virginia Peninsula AVA., Yadkin Valley AVA.

TOPOGRAPHY  FEATURES- Flat/ Rolling/ Hilly

  • SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains/ Blue Ridge Mountains/ Alleghenies, +Alt. 10ft.- 2,000ft.

SOILSMetamorphic, Sedimentary

CLIMATEContinental With Maritime & Sub-Tropical Influences,  +Humidity

  • CHALLENGES– Frost, Cold, Storms From Hurricane Spin-Offs.

VITICULTURE– 

VINICULTURE

  • While Producing Wine From Estate Grown Grape, Central United States Has a History of Sourcing Grapes From California, Oregon and Washington and Shipping the Harvest by Refrigerated Freight to Produce Additional Wine.

GEOGRAPHIC DISCLAIMER~ To Understand the Wine World and Benefit From DtheV.com an Understanding of the Atlantic South United States Geography is Needed and the Ability to Visualize Its Topography.  This Chapter is Organized In a North to South / East to West Orientation and Intended to Be Researched as So.


VIRGINIA State

  • WHITE= Chardonnay 13%, Viognier 9%, Albarino, Petit Manseng, Rkatsiteli, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Vermentino, Viognier
    • Hybrid Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc 12%, Merlot 9%, Cabernet Sauvignon 8%, Petit Verdot 7%, Alicante Bouschet, Malbec, Mourvèdre, Nebbiolo, Norton(Indigenous), Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Sangiovese, Syrah, Tannat
    • Hybrid Chambourcin
  • GEOGRAPHY USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia, LATITUDE: 36.4°- 39° N
    • BORDERS-Maryland(North), North Carolina(South), Tennessee(South-West), West Virginia(North-West)
    • Sub-AVA.’s-(8) Middleburg AVA., Monticello AVA., North Fork of Roanoke AVA., Northern Neck of George Washington Birthplace AVA., Rocky Knob AVA., Shenandoah Valley AVA., Virginia’s Eastern Shore AVA., Virginia Peninsula AVA., Yadkin Valley AVA.
    • Sub-Regions-(10)– Blue Ridge Highlands, Central Virginia, Chesapeake Bay, Eastern Virginia, Hampton Roads, Heart of Appalachia, Northern Virginia, Southern Virginia
  • TOPOGRAPHY Flat/ Rolling/ Valley, On~Chesapeake~Bay~(East)
    • SLOPES/ Cumberland/ Blue Ridge Mountains(West), +Alt. 10ft.- 5,729ft. (Grapes to ?)
    • WIND-GAPS/ ~Rockfish~ Located in Blue Ridge Mountains/ Afton Mountains Between Charlottesville and Waynesboro.
  • SOILS- Metamorphic, Sedimentary, Limestone Skeins
    • Generally Clay In Central Virginia/ Granite In Northern Virginia.
  • CLIMATE- Continental With Maritime & Sub-Tropical Influences, +Humidity
    • RAIN SHADOW EFFECT/ Blue Ridge Mountains/ Afton Mountains
    • CHALLENGES-Spring Frost, Cold, Storms From Hurricane Spin-Offs
  • VITICULTURE– 3,800 ac. PlantedCHALLENGES– Humidity, Disease
    • Estates/ Producers-(Not Located In Demarcated AVA.) Breaux, Boxwood, Covert Wine Works, Doukenie, Early Mountain(55ac.), Green Hill, Hamlet, Lost Creek, Maggie Malick, Michael Shaps, Paradise Springs, Pearmund, Rappahannok, Sunset Hill, Two Twisted Post, Veramar, Vint Hill, Walsh, White Hall, Willowcraft
    • Vineyards-
  • VINICULTURE- Numbers of Wineries- 307 (282 Bonded/ 25 Virtual) As of 2020, #7 State/ USA.
  • HISTORY
    • 1607 @Virginia First Grape Vines Planted by English Settlers at Jamestown.
    • 1774 @Virginia Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello Estate Planted Cutting From Italy, France and Spain.
    • 1980’s @Virginia Planting Shifted From French Hybrids to Vinifera.
  • CULTURE ACADEME~ ~Virginia Tech University~ @Blacksburg
    • FESTIVALS~ ~Virginia Wine Expo~ (February/ Richmond)
      • ~Virginia Wine Festival~  (September/ Ashburn)

Northern VirginiaRegion

MIDDLEBURG AVA.     @Middleburg

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Gewurztraminer, Petit Manseng, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Viognier
    • Hybrid Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Sauvignon, Nebbiolo, Merlot, Petit Verdot
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(          ), SUB-REGION-Northern Virginia
    • West of Washington DC.-City(50mi.),  @Hw.#55/#66
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, SLOPES/ Blue Ridge Mountains(West), +Alt. 220ft.- 1,400ft.
    • On~Potomac~River~
  • SOILS- Metamorphic, Sedimentary, Granite, Sandstone
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 230 acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- Barrel Oak, Boxwood, Gadino, Greenhill, Grey Ghost, Linden, Mediterranean, Marterella, Naked Mountain, Pearmund, Slater(Sparkling)

Shenandoah ValleyRegion

SHENANDOAH VALLEY AVA.     @Winchester

  • WHITE= Chambourcin, Chardonnay, Petit Manseng, Semillon, Viognier
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Sangiovese
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(North)
    • SUB-REGION-Shenandoah Valley, (AVALaps)West-Virginia(North-East
    • **Refer to WEST VIRGINIA For Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling/ Valley(Shenandoah)
    • SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains/ Blue Ridge Mountains Alleghenies, +Alt. 2,000ft.
  • SOILS- Metamorphic, Sedimentary, Limestone Skeins
  • CLIMATE- Continental, RAIN SHADOW EFFECT/ Afton Mountains, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 230 acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- AmRhein, Ankida, Blue Ridge, Cave Ridge, Cedar Creek, Ehrenberg, Glen Manor, Lightwell Survey, Linden, Morrisette, Muse, Rockbridge, Valhalla, Villa Appalachia, Virginia Mountain, Wolf Gap
    • Vineyards- Bill Dillian, Hillside, Villa Vallecieto, Wilderotter

Central VirginiaRegion

MONTICELLO AVA.      @Charlottesville

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Muscat Ottonel, Petit Manseng, Rkatsiteli, Sauvignon Blanc, Vermentino, Viognier
    • Hybrid Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Merlot, Mourvèdre, Nebbiolo, Norton, Petit Verdot, Syrah, Tannat
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(Central)
    • SUB-REGION-Central Virginia(North), @Hw.#250
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, SLOPES/ Blue-Ridge Moutains(East), +Alt. ?
  • CLIMATE- Sub-Tropical With Maritime Influence,  +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-   ?   acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- Barboursville(180ac.), Blenheim, Burnley(31ac.), First Colony, Horton, Keswick, King Family(12ac.), Kluge, Michael Shaps, Stinson, Trump
    • Vineyards- Jefferson, White Hall
  • HISTORY- ~Etymology~ Named For the Historic Home to Thomas Jefferson.
  • CULTURE- PIONEERS~ ~Thomas Jefferson~ First Distinguish American Viticulturist and Was Ambassador to France.

Blue Ridge HighlandsRegion

NORTH FORK Of ROANOKE AVA.     @Roanoke

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Petit Manseng, Viognier
  • RED= Alicante Bouschet, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, Merlot, Syrah, Sangiovese, Tannat
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(South-West)
    • SUB-REGION-Blue Ridge Highlands
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, On~Roanoke~River~
    • SLOPES/ Allegheny Mountains(East), +Alt. 1,200ft.- 2,200ft.
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- ? acPlanted,    The Old Vine of Roanoke Island, Planted 1600’s
    • Estates/ Producers- Early Mountian
    • Vineyards- Quaker Run

ROCKY KNOB AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Riesling
    • Hybrid– Seyval Blanc
  • RED= Aglianico, Cabernet Sauvignon
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(South-Interior)
    • SUB-REGION-Blue Ridge Highlands, COUNTIES-Floyd, Patrick
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, SLOPES/ Blue-Ridge Mountains(East), +Alt. 3,500ft.
  • SOILS- Metamorphic, Loam, Gravel
  • CLIMATE- Maritime With Continental Influences, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-   ?  acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- Chateau Morrisette, Villa Appalaccia

Chesapeake BayRegion

NORTHERN NECK AVA.     @Tappahannock

  • WHITE= Chambourcin, Chardonnay, Seyval Blanc
    • Hybrid Chardonel, Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon
    • Hybrid Chambourcin
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(East), SUB-REGION-Chesapeake Bay
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, Peninsula of Between Potomac & Rappahannock Rivers
    • On~Chesapeake~Bay~(S0uthWest)
  • SOILS- Metamorphic, Sand, Loam
  • CLIMATE- Maritime” With Sub-Tropical Influences, +Humidity
    • *Summers– Hot, Humid    |    *Winters– Cold, Wet
  • VITICULTURE- 3,000ac./ ?  acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- Dog and Oyster
  • CULTURE- AKA= Northern Neck of George Washington Birthplace AVA.

Eastern VirginiaRegion

EASTERN SHORE AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Riesling
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Merlot
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(East), SUB-REGION-Eastern Virginia
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, On~Coast/ Chesapeake Bay/ Atlantic Ocean~
    • ON PENINSULA/ Delmarva
  • CLIMATE- Maritime With Sub-Tropical Influences, +Humidity
    • *Summers– Hot, Humid, Influence by Atlantic Gulf Stream
  • VITICULTURE- ?  acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- Chatham Vineyards
  • CULTURE-
    • PIONEERS~ ~Gianni Zonin~ Grew Grapes On the Land the President Thomas Jefferson Grew Grapes 370 Years Later.

Hampton RoadsRegion

Heart of AppalachiaRegion

Southern VirginiaRegion

APPALACHIAN HIGH COUNTRY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay
    • Hybrid Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(South-West)
    • SUB-REGION-SouthernVirginia
    • (AVA. Laps)Tennessee,  (AVA. Laps)North Carolina(North-West)
      • **Refer to These States For Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains, +Alt. ?
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers-

VIRGINIA PENINSULA  AVA.    @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Petit Manseng, Riesling, Viognier
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Mourvèdre, Petit Verdot, Tannat
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Virginia(SouthEast)
    • COUNTIES-Charles City, James City, New Kent, York
    • CITIES-Hampton, Newport News, Poquoson, Williamsburg
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, On~James~River~Chesapeake~Bay~
    • ON PENINSULA/ Virginia
  • CLIMATE- Maritime With Sub-Tropical Influences, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 112 acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- Gauthier, New Kent, Saude Creek, Upper Shirly, Williamsburg Winery
    • Vineyards- Upper Shirly“Estate”, Gauthier“Estate
  • CULTURE- 2021- AVA. Officially Established

NORTH CAROLINA State

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Riesling
  • RED= Aleatico, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Sangiovese
  • GEOGRAPHY USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-North Carolina, LATITUDE: 34°- 36.21° N
    • Sub-AVA.’s Appalachian High Country AVA., Yadkin Valley AVA.
  • TOPOGRAPHYFlat/ Rolling
  • CLIMATE- Maritime With Sub-Tropical Influences, +Humidity
    • CHALLENGES– Frost, Cold, Storms From Hurricane Spin-Offs.
  • VITICULTURE- 
    • Estates/ Producers-
    • Vineyards-
  • VINICULTURE- Numbers of Wineries- 175 (153 Bonded/ 22 Virtual) As of 2020, #10 State/ USA.

YADKIN VALLEY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Riesling
  • RED= Aleatico, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Sangiovese
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-North Carolina(       )
    • COUNTY-Davie, Surry, Wikes, Yadkin
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, On~Yadkin~River~
    • SLOPES/ Blue Ridge Mountains
  • CLIMATE- Maritime With Sub-Tropical  Influences, +Humidity
    • *Summers– Hot, Humid, Influence by Atlantic Gulf Stream
  • VITICULTURE- 400 acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- Childress, Jolo, Laurel Gray, Shelton

APPALACHIAN HIGH COUNTRY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay
    • Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-North Carolina(NorthWest), SUB-REGION-SouthernVirginia
    • COUNTIES-Alleghany, Ashe, Avery, Mitchell, Watauga
    • (AVA. Laps)Tennessee, (AVA. Laps)Virginia
    • **Refer to These StateFor Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains, +Alt. 2,300ft.- 4,650ft.
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- Banner Elk, Grandfather, Linville Falls, Raven Rock, Roaring River

WEST VIRGINIA State        @

  • WHITE=  ?  Hybrids
  • RED=    ?  Hybrids
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(North-Central), STATE-Indiana, LATITUDE:N
    • Sub-Zones/ AVA.’s- Kanawha River Valley AVA., Ohio River Valley AVA., Shenandoah Valley AVA.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 
    • Estate/ Producers-

SHENANDOAH VALLEY AVA.     @Winchester

  • WHITE= Chambourcin, Chardonnay, Semillon
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sangiovese
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-West-Virginia(North-East)
    • (AVALaps)Virginia(North-West)
    • **Refer to VIRGINIA For Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling/ Valley(Shenandoah)
    • SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains,  Blue Ridge Mountains Alleghenies, +Alt. ?
  • SOILS- Metamorphic, Sedimentary, Limestone Skeins
  • CLIMATE- Continental, RAIN SHADOW EFFECT/ Afton Mountains, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- ?acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers-
    • Vineyards-

OHIO RIVER VALLEY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay, Pinot Gri, Riesling, Roussanne, Sauvignon Blanc
    • Hybrids– Seyval Blanc, Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon,  Petit Manseng, Pinot Noir
    • HybridsBaco Noir, Marechal Foch
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(East), STATE-West Virginia(South-West)
    • (AVALaps)Indiana(South), (AVALaps)Kentucky(North-East), (AVALaps)Ohio(South)
      • **Refer to These States For Additional AVA. Information.
    • Sub-Zones/ AVA.’s- Kanawha River Valley AVA.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling/ Valley(Ohio River), On~Ohio~River~
  • CLIMATE- Continental With Sub-Tropical Influences,  +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-  ? Planted, (2nd. Largest AVA. In USA.)
    • Estates/ Producers-

  • KANAWHA RIVER VALLEY AVA.     @
    • WHITE=   |   RED=
    • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(East), STATE-Ohio(Laps), In Ohio River Valley AVA.
    • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling/ Valley(Kanawha)
    • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
    • VITICULTURE-  ? ac. Planted,  (    % White/     % Red)
      • Estates/ Producers-

KENTUCKY State        @

  • WHITE=  ?  Hybrids~
  • RED=    ?  Hybrids
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(EastCentral), STATE-Kentucky, LATITUDE:  °N
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 
    • Estate/ Producers-

TENNESSEE State         @

  • WHITE=  ?  Hybrids~
  • RED=    ?  Hybrids
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(North-Central), STATE-Tennesse, LATITUDE: ?° N
    • Sub-Zones/ AVA.’s- Appalachian High Countray
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- +Humidity
    • Estate/ Producers

APPALACHIAN HIGH COUNTRY AVA.     @

  • WHITE= Chardonnay
    • Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Tennessee(NorthWest)
    • COUNTIES-Carter, Johnson
    • (AVA. Laps)North Carolina(North-West),  (AVA. Laps)Virginia
      • **Refer to These States For Additional AVA. Information.
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling, SLOPES/ Appalachian Mountains
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers-

GEORGIA State         @

  • WHITE=  ?
    • Hybrids~
  • RED=    ?
    • Hybrids
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Central(North-Central), STATE-Georgia, LATITUDE: ?° N
    • Sub-Zones/ AVA.’s- Dahlonega Plateau
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE-
    • Estate/ Producers-(Not Found In Demarcated Sub-Zone)-

DAHLONEGA PLATEAU AVA.     @Dahonega

  • WHITE= Chardonnay
    • Hybrid– Vidal Blanc
  • RED= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot
  • GEOGRAPHY- USA., REGION-Atlantic South, STATE-Georgia(North)
    • COUNTIES-Lumkkin
  • TOPOGRAPHY- Flat/ Rolling/ Plateau(Dehlonega)
    • SLOPES/ Blue Ridge Mountains, +Alt.?
  • CLIMATE- Continental, +Humidity
  • VITICULTURE- 127acPlanted
    • Estates/ Producers- Cavender Creek, Cottage, Frogtown, Kaya, Montaluce, Three Sisters, Wolf Mountain
    • Vineyards- Cavender Creek“EstateCottage“Estate, Kaya“Estate
  • CULTURE- 2018- AVA. Officially Established


**Refer to BIBLIOGRAPHY/ Sources For Details On Scholarly Works Referenced.