SPECIES vs. FAMILIES vs. GRAPE GROUPS

  • SUB-TOPICS Of GRAPE SPECIES/ GROUPS/ FAMILIES
    1. Grape Species
    2. Grape Families
    3. Grape Groups
    4. Teinutuer/ Noble/ Eating

INDIGENOUS- Originating or Occurring Naturally Within a Particular Place.

ENDEMIC- Native and Restricted to a Certain Place.

AUTOCHTHONOUS- Indigenous, Rather Than Descended Form Anther Place.

1) GRAPE SPECIES

  • Armenian-Persian Refuge
    • (Indigenous to Mediteranean/ Caucus Mountains)

VITIS VINIFERA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- Georgia(Southern Caucasus)Indigenous)

VITIS VINIFERA/ SILVESTRIS (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- Iberian Peninsula
  • Refuge- Portugal Was the Place Where the Last Truly European Grapes Survived the Most Recent Ice Age Which Left the Rest of Europe to Be Populated Later With the Grape Indigenous to the Middle East.
  • Sub-Species- Silvestris– Refers to Vines Encountered In Wild
    • Sativa– Refers to Domesticated Vine Crossed In Labs.
  • American-Pacific Refuge
    • (Indigenous to West Coast of North America)

VITIS CALIFORNICA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- Northern California(Indigenous), Cascade Foothills
  • VITICULTURE- AKA=California Grape

VITIS GIRDIANA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- Southern California(Indigenous), Baja Mexica
  • VITICULTURE- AKA=Desert Grape, Valley Grape
  • South-Eastern Refuge
    • (Indigenous to Eastern North America)

VITIS ACERIFOLIA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- America(Great Plains)(Indigenous)
  • VITICULTURE- AKA=Desert

VITIS AESTIVALIS (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD– North America(Indigenous), Ontario, Oklahoma
    • Official State Grape of Missouri.
  • VITICULTURE- *OFF-SPRING– RED= Norton

VITIS ARIZANICA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- Arizona(Indigenous)
  • VITICULTURE- AKA=Arizona Grape, Canyon Grape
    • –Etymology– Referring to Arizona Where Its Indigenous.

VITIS BERLANDIERI (   ) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- North America(South-East) Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS BLOODWORTHIANA (  ) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- North America(Indigenous)

VITIS CANDICANS (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- America(South-East)

VITIS CORDIFOLIA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- America(South-East)

VITIS LABRUSCA (B) (Species)“Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- *America(Indigenous)
  • VITICULTURE- *OFF-SPRING-to-
    • WHITE= Antoninette, Cayuga
    • RED= Catawba, Concord, Niagara

VITIS MONTICOLA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- America(Texas)(Indigenous)
  • VITICULTURE- AKA=Mountain Grape

VITIS MUSTANGENSIS (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- America(Texas)(Native)
  • VITICULTURE- *OFF-SPRING-to–  RED= Mustang

VITIS PALMATA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- America(Indigenous), Mississippi Valley
  • VITICULTURE- AKA=Catbird, Cat, Missouri

VITIS RIPARIA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD-
  • NEW WORLD- America(Indigenous)
  • VITICULTURE- *OFF-SPRING-to–
    • WHITE= Elvira
    • RED= Bacchus, Baco Noir, Frontenac, Marechal Foch, Triomphe d’Alsace

VITIS RONTUNDIFOLIA (  ) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD-
  • NEW WORLD- America(Native)
  • VITICULTURE- *OFF-SPRING-to- RED= Muscadine AKA=Scuppernong

VITIS RUPESTRIS (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD-
  • NEW WORLD- America(Indigenous)
  • VITICULTURE- AKA=The Sand Grape,  OFF-SPRING–
    • WHITE= Aurore, Chancellor, DeChaunac, Vidal Blanc, Vignoles
    • RED= Norton

VITIS SHUTTLEWORTHII (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- Florida, Alabama(Indigenous)
  • VITICULTURE- AKA=Caloosa Grape

VITIS TILITOLIA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- America, Mexica
  • VITICULTURE- AKA=Caribbean Grape

VITIS TRELEASII (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- North America(Indigenous)

VITIS VULPINA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- America(Indigenous), Ontario

VITIS X CHAMPINII (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- North America(Indigenous)

VITIS X DOANIANA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- North America(Indigenous)
  • Mexican Refuge
    • (Indigenous to Southern Mexico)

VITIS BIFORMIS (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- Mexico(South)Indigenous)

VITIS BLANCOII (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- Mexico(South)Indigenous)

VITIS NESBITTIANA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- Mexico(South)Indigenous)

VITIS POPENOII (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- Mexico(South)Indigenous)
  • East Asian-Pacific Refuge
    • (Indigenous to East Asia)

VITIS ADENOCLATA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS ADSTRICTA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS AMURENSIS (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS BASHANICA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS BELLULA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS BETULIFOLIA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS COIGNETIAE (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS DAVIDII (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS FLEXUOSA (B) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • NEW WORLD- East Asia(Indigenous)

VITIS FICIFOLIA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS FLEXUOSA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS HUNCOCKII (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS LIUBANENSIS (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS PIASEZKII (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS PSEUDORETICULATA (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS QINLINGENSIS (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS QUINQUANGULARIS (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS ROMANETTI (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS SHENXIENSIS (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS WILSONIAE (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

VITIS YENSHANENSIS (?) (Species) “Ancient/ Historical Grape”

  • OLD WORLD- East Asian-Pacific Refuge(Indigenous)

2) GRAPE FAMILIES

Share Basic Names and Are Related, Such as a Bono Fide Parent Offspring Relationship.  AKA=Founder Varietals

FOUNDER VARIETAL/ Historical Grapes– Ancient Grape With Significant Genetic Influence or Predominate Lineage of Descended’s On the Ampelography of a Certain Region. Over Multiple Millinia These Founder Varietals Have Parented Many of the Modern Grapes we Enjoy Today.

  • Over the Last 7,000 Years It Has Been Estimated That the 60 Species of Grapes Crossed Into Thousand of Different Grape Varieties.  Over the Past 200 Years There Has Been a Concentration of Grape Varieties Where the World Wine Culture Has Focused On Around 200 Grape to Produce Most of the Worlds Wine. Recently Over the Past 20 Years There Has Been a Renewed Interest In Country’s Obscure Indigenous Grape Varieties.
  • During the 1500’s Pinot, Savignin and Gouais Blanc Where Crossing Each Other Across Europe Resulting In New Grape Varieties.
  • Progenitors– Grape From Which Other Grapes Are Descended or Originated
  • **Refer to “WORLDS GRAPES” For Detailed Information On Each Grape Variety.

AUTOCHTHONOUS- Of an Inhabitant of a Place, Indigenous Rather Than Descended. Refers to Grape Varieties That Are Almost Exclusively the Result of Natural Cross-Breeding or Mutation In a Particular Growing Area, and Have a Long History In That Area.

  • **Refer to “WORLDS GRAPES/ A to Z” (Indigenous) For Autochthonous Grapes.

CABERNET FRANC–FAMILY    Indigenous To…  Pais Vasco or South-West France

  • Cabernet Sauvignon = X=Cabernet Franc & Sauvignon Blanc
  • Hondarribi Beltza = X=Cabernet Franc & ?
  • Merlot = X=Cabernet Franc & Madeline Noire de Charentes
  • Morenoa = X=Cabernet Franc & ?

CAYETANA BLANCA–FAMILY     Indigenous To… Spain

  • Antao Vaz = X=Cayetana Blanca & ?
  • Castellana Blanca = X=Cayetana Blanca & ?
  • Gouveio Estimado = X=Cayetana Blanca & ?
  • Jaen Tinoto = X=Cayetana Blanca & Listan
  • Rabo de Ovelha = X=Cayetana Blanca & ?
  • Siria = X=Cayetana Blanca & ?

GARGANEGA–FAMILY         Indigenous To…  Veneto

  • Albana = X=Garganega & ?
  • Dorona Venezia = X=Garganega & Bermestia
  • Catarratto = X=Garganega & ?
  • Malvasia Candia = X=Garganega & ?
  • Marzemina = X=Garganega & ?
  • Montonico Bianco = X=Garganega & ?
  • Mostosa = X=Garganega & ?
  • Susmaniello = X=Garganega & Uva Sogra
  • Trebbiano Toscano = X=Garganega & ?

GOUAIS BLANC–FAMILY   Indigenous To…  North-East France, Germany

  • Aligote = X=Gouais Blanc & Pinot*
  • Arbois = X=Gouais Blanc & ?
  • Auxerrois = X=Gouais Blanc & Pinot*
  • Blaufranksch = X=Gouais Blanc & ?
  • Chardonnay = X=Gouais Blanc & Pinot*
  • Colombard = X=Gouais Blanc & Chenin Blanc
  • Elbling = X=Gouais Blanc & ?
  • Folle Blanc = X=Gouais Blanc & ?
  • Furmint = X=Gouais Blanc & ?
  • Gamay Blanc = X=Gouais Blanc & Pinot*
  • Gamay Noir = X=Gouais Blanc & Pinot*
  • Grolleau Noir = X=Gouais Blanc & ?
  • Jacquere = X=Gouais Blanc & ?
  • Melon = X=Gouais Blanc & Pinot*
  • Muscadelle = X=Gouais Blanc & ?
  • Riesling = X=Gouais Blanc & ?
  • Romorantin = X=Gouais Blanc & Pinot*
  • Sacy = X=Gouais Blanc & Pinot*
  • Saint-Come = X=Gouais Blanc & ?

LUGLIENGA–FAMILY         Indigenous To…  ?

MUSCAT BLANC a PETITS GRAIN–FAMILY     Indigenous To… Greece

  • Aleatico = X=Muscat Blanc Petite Grains & ?
  • Moscato di Scanzo = X=Muscat Blanc Petite Grains & ?
  • Moscato Rosa del Trentino = X=Muscat Blanc Petite Grains & ?
  • Moscato Giallo = X=Muscat Blanc Petite Grains &?
  • Muscat Rouge de Madere = X=Muscat Blanc Petite Grains & Mammolo
  • Muscat di Alexandria = X=Muscat Blanc Petite Grains & Axina de Tres Bias

MUSCAT Of ALEXANDRIA–FAMILY     Indigenous To…

  • Cereza = X=Muscat Alexandria & Listan Prieto
  • Grillo = X=Muscat Alexandria & Cataratto
  • Malvasia Lazio = X=Muscat Alexandria & Schiava
  • Moscatel Amarillo = X=Muscat Alexandria & Listan Prieto
  • Moscatello Selvatico = X=Muscat Alexandria & Bombino
  • Torrontes Riojano = X=Muscat Alexandria & Listan Prieto
  • Torrontes Sanjuanino = X=Muscat Alexandria & Listan Prieto
  • Torrontes Mendocino = X=Muscat Alexandria & ?

MONDEUSE NOIRE–FAMILY     Indigenous To…  Savoie

NEBBIOLO–FAMILY      Indigenous To… . Piemonte, Valtelina

  • Brugnola = X=Nebbiolo & ?
  • Bubbierasco = X=Nebbiolo & ?
  • Bianchetta Saluzzo =       &
  • Freisa = X=Nebbiolo & ?
  • Nebbiolo Rose = X=Nebbiolo & ?
  • Negrara = X=Nebbiolo & ?
  • Neretto di Bairo = X=Nebbiolo & ?
  • Rossola Nero = X=Nebbiolo & ?
  • Vespolina = X=Nebbiolo & ?

RIESLING–FAMILY    Indigenous To…

  • Ehrenfelser = X=Riesling & Sylvaner
  • Kerner = X=Riesling & Trollinger
  • Osiris = X=Riesling & ?
  • Osteiner = X=Riesling & Silvaner
  • Perlriesling = X=Riesling & Perle de Csaba
  • Rotberger = X=Riesling & ?
  • Wittberger = X=Riesling & ?

PINOT–FAMILY     Indigenous To…  France. 

  • Auxerrois = X=       &
  • Chardonnay = X=       &
  • Franc Noir de la Haute Saone = X=       &
  • Gamay = X=       &
  • Gamay Teinturier de Bouze = X=       &
  • Genouillet = X=       &
  • Gouget Noir = X=       &
  • Melon = X=       &
  • Troyen = X=       &

PRIE–FAMILY       Indigenous To…

  • Allbillo Real = X=Prie & ?
  • Lairen = X=Prie & ?
  • Mayolet = X=Prie & ?
  • Primetta = X=Prie & ?

REZE–FAMILY         Indigenous To…  Valais

SAVAGNIN–FAMILY     Indigenous To…  North-East France, South-West Germany

  • Aubin = X=Savagnin & Gouais Blanc
  • Chenin Blanc = X=Savagnin & ?
  • Grunner Veltliner = X=Savagnin & St. Georgener
  • Petit Manseng = X=Savagnin & ?
  • Petit Meslier = X=Savagnin & Gouais Blanc
  • Sauvignon Blanc = X=Savagnin & ?
  • Sylvaner = X=Savagnin & Osterreichisch Weiss
  • Verdelho = X=Savagnin & ?
  • TRAMINER–FAMILY       Indigenous To…
    • Elbling
    • Futterer
    • Pinot Noir
    • Rotgipfler
    • Silivaner
    • Gruner Veltliner
    • Riesling

TEROLDEGO–FAMILY     Indigenous To… Trentino

 

TRIBIDRAG–FAMILY     Indigenous To… Croatia

 

3) GRAPE GROUPS

Share Basic Name and Were Thought to Be Related. In Reality These Grape Aren’t Related, But Over Time and Centuries the Sharing of a Name and the Dogma Associated With it Became Accepted. Present Day Ampelography and DNA. Profiling Has Shown They Are Unrelated.

COLORINO–GROUP          COMMON To...Lazio, Liguria, Marche, Tuscany, Umbria

  • Colorino del Valdarno/ Toscano
  • Colorino di Pisa
  • Colorino del Luca
  • Colorino del Americano

CRIOLLO–GROUP          COMMON To...Argentina

  • Mendocino
  • Pedro Gimenez ???
  • Riojano
  • Sanjuanino
  • Torrentes

GRECO–GROUP          COMMON To...Italy

  • Greco  Bianco
  • Greco Giallo
  • Greco Moro
  • Greco Nero

GROPPELLO–GROUP          COMMON To...Italy

  • Groppello dei Berici/ Breganze
  • Gropello di Mocasina
  • Gropello di Revo
  • Gropello di Gentile

LAMBRUSCO–GROUP          COMMON To…Italy, Emilia Romagna

  • Lambrusco
  • Lambrusca di Allessandria
  • Lambrusca Barghi
  • Lambrusca Benetti
  • Lambrusca Foglia Frastagliata
  • Lambrusco Grasparossa
  • Lambrusco Maestri
  • Lambrusco Montavona
  • Lambrusco Montericco
  • Lambrusco Oliva
  • Lambrusco Salamino
  • Lambrusco Sorbara
  • Lambrusco Viadanese

MALVASIA–GROUP         COMMON To...Italy

  • Malvasia Bianco
  • Malvasia Bianco di Basilicata
  • Malvasia Bianco di Candia
  • Malvasia Bianco Lunga
  • Malvasia del Lazio
  • Malvasia di Candia Aromatica
  • Malvasia di Lipari
  • Malvasia Istriana
  • Malvasia Moscata
  • Malvasia di Casorzo
  • Malvasia di Schierano
  • Malvasia Nera di Basilicata
  • Malvasia Nera di Brindisi
  • Malvasia Nera di Lecce
  • Malvasia Nera Lunga

NEGRARA–GROUP          COMMON To...Italy

  • Negrara Trentina Negrara Veronese

PALLAGRELLO–GROUP          COMMON To...Italy

  • Pellagrello Bianco
  • Pellagrello Nero

PELORSIEN–GROUP         COMMON To...

  • Beclan
  • Bia Blanc
  • Dureza
  • Durif
  • Exbrayat
  • Jacquere
  • Joubertin
  • Mondeuse Blanche
  • Peloursin
  • Servanin
  • Verdesse

PIQUEPOUL–GROUP         COMMON To...

  • Cinsuat

REFOSCO–GROUP          COMMON To…Italy

  • Refosco Bianco Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso
  • Refosco Gentile Refoscone
  • Refosco Nostrano Refosco Bianco
  • Refosco del Boton AKA=Tazzelenghe Refosco di Faedis AKA=Refosco Nostrano
  • Refosco di Guarnieri AKA=Trevisana Nero Refosco Di Ronchis AKA=Refosco Nostrano
  • Refosco d’Istria AKA=Terrano

SCHIAVA–GROUP          COMMON To…Italy

  • Schiava Gentile
  • Schiava Grigia
  • Schiava Grosso
  • Schiava Nero

TORRONTES–GROUP          COMMON To…Argentina

  • Torrontes
  • Torrontes Mendocino
  • Torrontes Riojano
  • Torrontes Sanjuanino
  • Torrontez do Pico

TREBBIANO–GROUP          INDIGENOUS…Italy

  • Trebbianina
  • Trebbiano Abruzzese
  • Trebbiano Giallo
  • Trebbiano Modenese
  • Trebbiano Romagnolo
  • Trebbiano Spoletino
  • Trebbiano Toscano
  • Trebbiano di Lugana
  • Trebbiano di Sove AKA=Verdicchio
  • Trebbiano Valtenesi AKA=Verdicchio

VERNACCIA–GROUP          INDIGENOUS…Italy

  • Vernaccia di Oristano
  • Vernaccia di San Gimignano
  • Vernaccia Nero
  • Vernaccia Nero Grossa
  • Vernaccina
  • Vernaccina Riminese

4) TEINTURIERS/ TABLE/ NOBLE GRAPES/ OTHERS

IMPORTANT TEINTURIERS Of The WORLD

TEINTURIER– Black Skin Grape With Red/ Dark Pulp as a Result of a Natural Mutation.

  • ~Etymology~ “To Dye or Stain” Referring to Its Inky Juice.
  • TEINTURIERS= Agria(Turan), Alicante Bouschet, Alicante Ganzin, Carmina, Chambourcin, Deckrot, Dornfelder, Dunkelfelder, Du Cher, Gamay Teinturier, Grand Noir de Calmette, Kolor, Royalty, Morrastel Bouschet, Petit Bouschet, Pinot Teinturier, Rubired, Salvador, Saperavi, Siebouschet, Sulmer, Tintore di Tramonti, Turan AKA=Agria

IMPORTANT EATING-TABLE/ RAISIN GRAPES Of The WORLD

  • VINICULTURE-
    • +USED/ Eating…Seedless Grapes Are a Result of Selective Breeding to Develop With Very Small Seeds or None at All. Called Stenospermocarpy, It’s What Causes Grapes to Be Seedless or Generates Underdeveloped Seeds.
    • ~Etymology~ Names After William Thompson a Scottish Immigrant Who Propagated and Interbreed Grape Varieties Eventually Creating the Seedless Grape.
  • WHITE= Autumn Crisp, Early, Fiesta, Himrod, Italia, Juliana, Milano, Prime, Selma Pete, Sicilia, Sugrafiftytwo, Sugraone, Sultaniye AKA=Thompson Seedless, Sundance, Talisman, Velika, Victoria, Waltham Cross
  • RED= Alden, Alenushka, Allison, Alvinka, Armani, Autumn Royal, Ayuta, Baikonur, Black Corinth, Black Monukka, Bohneur, Canadice, Candy Snap, Crimson, Doukkali, Dovine, Enchantment, Everest, Flame, Flavor Pops, Globe, Gum Drops, Holiday, Ivanka, Joy, Kishmish Monldavskii, Kishmish Osenny Koroevsky, Krupnoplodny, Kishmish Rozovyi, Krissy, Lomaanto, Lorano, Magenta, Mars, Marselo, Matador, Melody, Midnight Black, Midnight Beauty, Moon Drops, Olimp, Pamyati Uchitelya, Reliance, Rizama, La Rochelle, Sable, Sonera, Skazka, Starlight, Sugrasixty, Sugranineteen, Summer Royal, Sunred, Sweet Celebration, Sweet Jubilee, Tear Drops, Thomcord, Vanessa
  • **Refer to “WORLDS GRAPES” For Detailed  Information On These.

NOBLE VARIETALS Of The WORLD

FRENCH CEPAGE NOBLE GRAPES– The French Refer to Just 7 Varietals of Noble Grapes.

  • White= Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling
  • Red= Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Syrah
  • **These “NOBLE GRAPES” Are Derek’s Demystifying “The Vine” Un-Official List.
  • White= Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Moscato, Riesling, Viognier
  • Red= Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, Malbec, Merlot, Nebbiolo, Pinot Noir, Sangiovese, Syrah, Tempranillo

OTHER GROUPING Of GRAPES

FRANKISH vs. HUNNIC 

  • Division of Grape Varieties Used During the Middle Ages.  Frankish(Frankisch) Grapes Were Consided Noble Grapes, Thought to Be Derived From the Franks (Thought to Be Introduced by Charlemgne).  Hunnic (Hunnisch/ Heunisch) Grapes Were Though to Be Introduced by the Hunes Therefor Lessor In Quality. 

PIWI

Class/ Brand of Grape Crosses That Where Breed to Have a High Resistance to Fungal Diseases and Enable Grower Significant Reduction In the Use of Pesticides.  The Set of Vine Crossed Are Between Vitis Vinifera and Other Species of the Genus Vitis. 

Grape Breeding Centers Working On PIWI Varietals…

  • ACADEMICS~ ~State Wine Institute Freiburg~      @Freiburg, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
    • Specialization~ Testing and Research Institute For Applied Practical Test In Plant Protection, Oenology, Viticulture, Resistance and Clone Breeding.
  • ACADEMICS~ ~Geilweilerhof AKA=Julius-Kuhn-Institute~     @Siebeldingen, Pfalz
    • Specialization~ Breeding Vine Varieties Which Combine Resistance to Fungal Disease With  Quality.

OLD WORLD= Austria   Czech Republic   Denmark   Germany(Franconia, Palatinate, Rheinhessen)   Slovakia   Switzerland  UK.

  • White= Bianca, Bronner, Cabernet Blanc, Felicia, Fleurtai, Hibernal, Johanniter, Muscaris, Monarch, Prior, Sauvignac, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Villaris, Voltis
  •  Red= Artaban, Baron, Cabernet Jura, Merlot Khorus, Muscat(Bleu), Pinotin, Reberger, Regent
  • **Refer to “WORLDS GRAPES” For Details On PIWI Grapes.

**Refer to “BIBLIOGRAPHY/ Sources” For Details On scholarly Works Referenced.